Thrust measurement of dimethyl ether arcjet thruster

Kakami, Akira; Beppu, Shinji; Maiguma, Muneyuki; Tachibana, Takeshi

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2010.10.019

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Also, duration time should be long enough to allow thermal gelation of the ETGFA before foam collapse to effectively avoid foam liquefaction and drug leakage. In present study, the commonly used propellants, liquefied hydrocarbon (propane/butane ¼ 80/20, v/v) and dimethyl ether (Caballero et al, 2008;Kakami et al, 2011;Azizi et al, 2014), were applied and the effects of their concentrations on the foam expansion and duration were compared, respectively. The hydrocarbon was selected as the propellant due to its capacity to generate the foam with higher expansion height and longer duration time than dimethyl ether (Figure 2(A, B)).…”

Section: Optimization and Characterization Of The Etgfa Foammentioning

confidence: 99%

Expansible thermal gelling foam aerosol for vaginal drug delivery

Mei

Chen

et al. 2017

Drug Delivery

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Vaginal delivery of antimicrobial drugs is the most effective method for the local treatment of the vaginal infections. However, current vaginal drug delivery systems (VDDS), including gel, lotion, aerosol and cream, are suffering from low penetration in the deep vaginal rugae and easy elimination by self-cleaning of vaginal canal. To address these issues, a foam aerosol based on the thermal transformation was designed to improve penetration efficiency and achieve the extended retention. The expansible thermal gelling foam aerosol (ETGFA) consisting of thermal sensitive matrix, silver nanoparticle, adhesive agent and propellant, was optimized by evaluations of precursor viscosity, foam expansion, thermal gelation, gel adhesiveness, antimicrobial effects and tissue irritation. The ETGFA would penetrate to the deep vaginal rugae to cover the infectious sites by foam expansion. Drug leakage was intended to be avoided by the thermal gelation at physiological temperature before foam collapse. The gel could be retained in the vaginal canal for extended time due to its superior adhesiveness when compared to the commercial gel Asimi V R . The ETGFA provided extended drug release for over 4 h and maintained effective drug concentrations at the infectious sites. The ETGFA containing silver nanoparticles showed dose-dependent antimicrobial effects on the vaginal floras and irritation reduction to the vaginal tissues. The results demonstrated that the ETGFA could overcome the limitations of conventional dosage forms, including poor drug penetration, carrier retention and patient compliance and satisfied the requirements for vaginal drug delivery. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Optimization and Characterization Of The Etgfa Foammentioning

confidence: 99%

Expansible thermal gelling foam aerosol for vaginal drug delivery

Mei

Chen

et al. 2017

Drug Delivery

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show abstract

“…In a past study, a thruster using a flat 2-type cathode was tested to evaluate performance 9,10) . Flat4-type cathode was also used to investigate dependence on cathode diameter.…”

Section: Cathode Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DME arcjet thruster also exhibits both high-and low-voltage modes. Thrust was measured with a vertical thrust stand using a torsional spring to evaluate discharge power, thrust, specific impulse, and thruster efficiency 9,10) . In this study, a prototype 1-kW class DME arcjet thruster was tested to clarify the correlation between performance and cathode configuration at a discharge current of 13 A.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Characteristics of a DME Propellant Arcjet Thruster

Kakami

Beeppu

Maiguma

et al. 2012

AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN

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This paper describes the influence of cathode configuration on performance of an arcjet thruster using dimethyl ether (DME) propellant. DME, an ether compound, has suitable characteristics for a space propulsion system; DME is storable in a liquid state without being kept under a high pressure, and requires no sophisticated temperature management such as a cryogenic device. DME can be gasified and liquefied simply by adjusting temperature whereas hydrazine, a conventional propellant, requires an iridium-based particulate catalyst for its gasification. In this study, thrust of a 1-kW class DME arcjet thruster is measured at a discharge current of 13 A, DME mass flow rates ranging 15 to 60 mg/s under three cathode configurations: flat-tip rods of 2 and 4 mm in diam. and 4-mm-diam. rod having a cavity of 2 mm in diameter. Thrust measurements show that thrust is increased with propellant mass flow rate. Among the tested cathodes, the flat-tip rod of 4 mm in diam. with 55 mg/s DME flow rate yielded the highest performance: specific impulse of 330 s, thrust of 0.18 N, discharge power of 1400 W and specific power of 25 MJ/kg.

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“…For a discharge current of 12 A, the thrust of a 1-kW class DME arcjet thruster was measured with a vertical thrust stand using a torsional spring to evaluate discharge power, thrust, specific impulse and thruster efficiency. 9,10) In this study, a prototype kW-class DME arcjet thruster was tested to clarify performance under various cathode configurations at a discharge current of 13 A, and investigate the correlation between cathode geometry and performance. Figure 1 and Table 1 show a schematic diagram of a prototype kW-class arcjet thruster and its configuration, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thrust Evaluation of an Arcjet Thruster Using Dimethyl Ether as a Propellant

Kakami

Beppu

Maiguma

et al. 2012

Trans. Japan Soc. Aero. S Sci.

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This paper describes the performance of an arcjet thruster using dimethyl ether (DME) as a propellant. DME, an ether compound, has adequate characteristics for space propulsion systems; DME is storable in a liquid state without a high pressure or cryogenic device and requires no sophisticated temperature management. DME is gasified and liquefied simply by adjusting temperature, whereas hydrazine, a conventional propellant, requires an iridium-based particulate catalyst for its gasification. In this study, thrust of the designed kW-class DME arcjet thruster is measured with a torsional thrust stand. Thrust measurements show that thrust is increased with propellant mass flow rate, and that thrust using DME propellant is higher than when using nitrogen. The prototype DME arcjet thruster yields a specific impulse of 330 s, a thruster efficiency of 0.14, and a thrust of 0.19 N at 60-mg/s DME mass flow rate at 25-A discharge current. The corresponding discharge power and specific power are 2.3 kW and 39 MJ/kg.

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Thrust measurement of dimethyl ether arcjet thruster

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Expansible thermal gelling foam aerosol for vaginal drug delivery

Expansible thermal gelling foam aerosol for vaginal drug delivery

Performance Characteristics of a DME Propellant Arcjet Thruster

Thrust Evaluation of an Arcjet Thruster Using Dimethyl Ether as a Propellant

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