Thule Fishing Revisited: The Economic Importance of Fish at the Pembroke and Bell Sites, Victoria Island, Nunavut

Norman, Lauren; Friesen, T. Max

doi:10.1080/00167223.2010.10669511

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…VanStone (1970) also excavated a historic qargi at Akulivik, on the Nushagak River in southwestern Alaska. One early Thule qargi was excavated by Friesen at the Pembroke Site in the central Canadian Arctic Friesen 2010, Friesen andNorman 2016); it conformed to ethnographic expectations as it was larger than the contemporary winter dwellings and had stones arranged as benches around the entire interior walls. One, and potentially two, Thule qargich were excavated at Hazard Inlet (Savelle 1987, Habu and Savelle 1994, Savelle 1997.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Early Inupiaq Occupation: Observations on a Thule House From Cape Espenberg, Alaska

et al. 2017

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This paper describes and interprets a well-preserved early Thule semi-subterranean dwelling from Cape Espenberg, Alaska. The house architecture is similar in many respects to other early Thule dwellings with a sub-rectangular main room, long sunken entrance tunnel, and associated kitchen area. However, the presence of narrow side benches and associated flooring differences adds significantly to the variability present in Thule house form. Radiocarbon dates indicate occupations spanning 1300 to 1450 cal CE. Wood analysis suggests that the house underwent at least one rebuilding episode, which seems to have extended the house occupation into the early 15th century. People acquired mostly small seals for their subsistence, but supplemented their diets in the spring and fall with migrating birds, fish, terrestrial mammals, and other marine mammals. This house represents a fairly typical early Thule coastal winter occupation, but careful excavation of a well-preserved house reveals interesting details in house form, wood use, and subsistence patterns.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Early Inupiaq Occupation: Observations on a Thule House From Cape Espenberg, Alaska

et al. 2017

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“…(NdPd-2), house (Taylor, 1972); Bell (NiNg-2), house and midden (Norman and Friesen, 2010;Howse and Friesen, 2016); Pembroke (NgNc-2), house and midden fauna (Norman and Friesen, 2010;Friesen and Norman, 2016); Hazard Inlet group, house and tent ring (Whitridge, 1992); Cape Garry (PcJq-5), house (Rick, 1980); Learmonth (PeJr-1), house and midden fauna (Taylor and McGhee, 1979;Rick, 1980); Porden Pt. group, house and stone features (Park, 1989); Bache Peninsula group, house (McCullough, 1989); Cape Grinnell, house (House 20 only) (Darwent and Foin, 2010); Walrus I., tent ring, stone shelter and cache (Gotfredsen, 2010;Grønnow et al, 2011); Clavering I. group, house and midden (Gotfredsen, 2010); Sermermiut, house and midden (Møberg, 1983); Nugarsuk, house and midden (Møhl, 1979); Outer Frobisher Bay group, house (Henshaw, 1995); Cumberland Sound, B-1 (LlDj-1) house and midden (Schledermann, 1975); Peale Pt.…”

Section: Comparison With Neo-inuit Faunal Assemblages Elsewhere In the N American Arcticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neo-Inuit strategies for ensuring food security during the Little Ice Age climate change episode, Foxe Basin, Arctic Canada

Desjardins

2020

Quaternary International

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This paper examines Neo-Inuit (ca. AD 1250 to present) responses to the decreased temperatures of the Little Ice Age (LIA) climate change episode (ca. AD 1300e1900) in the Foxe Basin region of central Nunavut, Arctic Canada. Cooler temperatures (and increased sea ice) would be expected to have reduced both bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) and Atlantic walrus (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) habitats, forcing Neo-Inuit to refocus their hunting activities on landfast-ice-dwelling small seals (e.g., Pusa hispida) during winter months. However, an analysis of faunal remains from Foxe Basin's largest-known Neo-Inuit (Thule, historic and modern Inuit) archaeological site, Pingiqqalik (NgHd-1), reveals a longterm subsistence economy based largely on multi-seasonal walrus hunting. Two interrelated factors may explain these results: (1) a system of recurring polynyas provided a degree of ecological stability for local walrus populations, and (2) the development of a distinctive walrus caching regimeda form of which continues among the region's contemporary Inuitdallowed residents to adeptly exploit an ecological niche, thereby ensuring food security. Together, these factors likely insulated northern Foxe Basin Neo-Inuit from the worst effects of the LIA.

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“…Marine and anadromous fish species played significant roles in annual subsistence rounds in the Western Arctic, including the Aleutian Islands, coastal Western Alaska, and the Mackenzie River Delta (Betts & Friesen, 2004;Britton et al, 2018a;Coltrain, 2010;Masson-McLean et al, 2019). The presence of fish on archaeological sites in the Eastern Arctic is more sporadic due in part to taphonomic bias against delicate fish remains (Whitridge, 2001), but also due to the timing of fish runs conflicting with the availability of higher-ranked resources (Norman & Friesen, 2010). There are fewer indications that fish played an important role in human subsistence on the Labrador coast (Woollett, 2007), but anadromous fish are important to modern Inuit and Métis communities in this region (Ames, 1977).…”

Section: Environmental and Archaeological Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Isotope Studies of North American Arctic Populations: A Review

Harris

Elliott

2019

OPEN QUAT

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We review the major stable carbon and nitrogen isotope studies conducted on human remains in the North American Arctic (NAA) and discuss the findings with respect to two major research themes: diachronic subsistence, and the development of food cultures across the NAA. The interpretation of stable isotope data from human bone collagen and hair keratin is complicated by issues of equifinality in addition to uncertainty arising from the high fat/high protein diets of Arctic hunter gatherers. We suggest future lines of inquiry which may help to alleviate some of these challenges. Our review of Arctic stable isotope studies shows the ongoing potential of stable isotope analysis of Arctic hunter-gatherers and faunal populations, but we include the caveat that regardless of how cutting-edge or refined the analytical method, future stable isotope studies must be contextualized with other lines of evidence from well-excavated sites, and would profoundly benefit from the incorporation of indigenous perspectives and research priorities.

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Thule Fishing Revisited: The Economic Importance of Fish at the Pembroke and Bell Sites, Victoria Island, Nunavut

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

An Early Inupiaq Occupation: Observations on a Thule House From Cape Espenberg, Alaska

An Early Inupiaq Occupation: Observations on a Thule House From Cape Espenberg, Alaska

Neo-Inuit strategies for ensuring food security during the Little Ice Age climate change episode, Foxe Basin, Arctic Canada

Stable Isotope Studies of North American Arctic Populations: A Review

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