Thunderstorm Electrification—Inductive or Non-Inductive?

Kuettner, Joachim P.; Sartor, J. D.; Levin, Zev

doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1981)038<2470:teoni>2.0.co;2

Cited by 33 publications

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“…Past studies by Kuettner et al (1981) have also given credence to the precipitation theory of Uman (1987) but focused on inductive and non-inductive electrification processes in developing and/or mature thunderstorms. The non-inductive process focuses on the electro-chemical or thermoelectric properties of the colliding solid and liquid particles and the resultant charge separation that occurs.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The non-inductive process focuses on the electro-chemical or thermoelectric properties of the colliding solid and liquid particles and the resultant charge separation that occurs. The inductive processes focus on the pre-existing external electric fields, which are separated by the resulting collision and separation process of the hydrometeors (Kuettner et al 1981). Both theories presented by Uman (1987) and Kuettner et al (1981) demonstrate the mix-phase layer of a thunderstorm is the most active area of the cloud where charge separation and electrification occurs.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The inductive processes focus on the pre-existing external electric fields, which are separated by the resulting collision and separation process of the hydrometeors (Kuettner et al 1981). Both theories presented by Uman (1987) and Kuettner et al (1981) demonstrate the mix-phase layer of a thunderstorm is the most active area of the cloud where charge separation and electrification occurs. Deierling et al (2005) demonstrated the charge separation in a number of past studies that indicate the presence of ice is not only critical to the electrification process, but the size the frozen hydrometeors and proportion of the different sizes of the hydrometeors will have a profound effect on the process.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Relationship between Total Cloud Lightning Behavior and Radar-Derived Thunderstorm Structure

Metzger

Nuss

2013

Weather and Forecasting

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Total cloud lightning detection systems have been in development since the mid-1980s and have been deployed in several areas around the world. Previous studies on total cloud lightning have found intra and inter-cloud lightning (IC) tend to fluctuate significantly during the lifetime of thunderstorms. Prior studies have primarily focused on the electrical characteristics of thunderstorms, thunderstorm development and life cycle theory, but they do not provide much help to the operational meteorological community as they fail to link lightning characteristics to currently used radar interrogation techniques. Studies have indicated lightning jumps tend to be closely linked to changes in the vertical integrated liquid (VIL) reading on the National Weather Service's Weather Surveillance Radar-1998 Doppler (WSR-88D) systems and lightning holes tend to be associated with a bounded weak echo region (BWER) on the WSR-88D. More recent studies have attempted to mathematically classify a lightning jump but are still years away. This study builds off previous results and takes a more aggressive look at total cloud lightning and its relationship to the WSR-88D derived signatures currently used to determine a thunderstorms severity. Lightning and thunderstorm data from the Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas and the Tucson, Arizona areas from 2006-2009, was used to relate lightning to other thunderstorm parameters. A relationship between total cloud lightning behavior and currently used radar interrogation techniques was found indicating lightning jumps can be classified into three different types. Two types show preponderance for a specific type of severe weather event and lightning behavior while the third show no preference. These findings are of significant interest to the operational meteorological community and in some case can be put to immediate use. NUMBER OF PAGES 103 SUBJECT TERMS

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confidence: 99%

Section: This Page Intentionally Left Blank Introductionmentioning

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Section: This Page Intentionally Left Blank Introductionmentioning

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The Relationship between Total Cloud Lightning Behavior and Radar-Derived Thunderstorm Structure

Metzger

Nuss

2013

Weather and Forecasting

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“…The non-inductive charge mechanism, possibly combined with the inductive charging mechanism (Kuettner et al 1981), shows that graupel occurring within the CRTZ will collide with smaller ice particles, resulting in graupel acquiring a net negative charge as it descends through the updraft with time, while the positively charged smaller ice particles migrate toward the upper portions of the updraft (Reynolds et al 1957). This process yields an increasing electric potential that makes lightning B05 shows that a temperature at the lifting condensation level (LCL) ≥-10°C (≥14°F) signals that sufficient supercooled liquid water will be present in the CRTZ updraft region for graupel growth and noninductive charging processes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Thunderstorm Environments over the Northeastern Pacific Ocean and Gulf of Alaska

Garner¹

2017

J. Operational Meteor.

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Results from the present study show that environments from May-October (warm season) that were "lapse rate starved" yielded shallower and weaker updrafts that were not supportive of lightning. In contrast, updraft depth and CAPE were sufficient for vigorous convection from November-April (cool season). However, cool season lightning was mainly confined to environments that possessed warmer boundary layer temperatures, which favored supercooled liquid water and graupel within the CRTZ. In addition, lightning was most probable, during both the warm and cool seasons, when favorable thermodynamic conditions were collocated with the most active portion of the synoptic flow regime. ABSTRACT (Manuscript

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“…Several different inductive charging theories have been studied using numerical cloud models. However, many thunderstorm models have included the inductive charging process but with conflicting results (Kuettner et al 1981;Rawlins 1982;Helsdon et al 2001;Mansell et al 2005;Mansell 2010;Mansell and Ziegler 2013). Because different inductive parameterizations were used in these modeling studies, we have little knowledge about the role of inductive processes in the evolution of thunderstorm electrification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Inductive Charging on the Electrification and Lightning Discharges in Thunderstorms

Shi¹,

Tang²,

Tan³

2016

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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A two-dimensional cloud model with electrification and lightning processes is used to investigate the role of inductive charge separation in thunderstorm clouds. For the same dynamic and microphysical evolution, four cases that the same noninductive charging parameterization is combined with different inductive charging process are compared. Non-inductive charge separation alone is found to be sufficient to produce a dipolar charge structure. Intracloud (IC) and positive cloud-toground (+CG) flashes are initiated between a main negative charge region and an upper positive charge region. The inductive charging process between graupel and cloud droplets exhibits a normal tripole charge structure, consisting of a lower positive charge region under the main negative charge region. In the simulated tripole structure, negative cloud-to-ground (-CG) flashes are initiated between the main negative and lower positive charge regions. In addition, inductive charge separation between the graupel and ice crystal is found to be capable of producing strong charge separation in a dipole charge structure. Tests with inductive graupel-ice crystals process produce more flashes than that in the other cases.

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Thunderstorm Electrification—Inductive or Non-Inductive?

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

The Relationship between Total Cloud Lightning Behavior and Radar-Derived Thunderstorm Structure

The Relationship between Total Cloud Lightning Behavior and Radar-Derived Thunderstorm Structure

Thunderstorm Environments over the Northeastern Pacific Ocean and Gulf of Alaska

Effects of the Inductive Charging on the Electrification and Lightning Discharges in Thunderstorms

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