Thymic hyperplasia in children recovering from thermal burns

Gelfand, DW; Goldman, Alberto; Law, Ed; MacMillan, Bruce G.; Larson, Duane L.; Abston, Sally; Schreiber, Jörg

doi:10.1097/00006534-197309000-00055

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…In general, rebound thymic hyperplasia is described in numerous conditions, such as after recovery from severe stress (e.g., burns [5], cardiac surgery [6], after tuberculosis [7], and chemotherapy [8–12]) and has been reported most often in children and adolescents. The mechanism is thymic depletion resulting from high plasma glucocorticoid concentrations [13] followed by rebound thymic hyperplasia when cortisol levels drop [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymic Hyperplasia after Lung Transplantation Imitating Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder

Steger

Semsroth

Hager

et al. 2011

Case Reports in Transplantation

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Thymic hyperplasia is usually associated with the treatment of malignant tumours and is sometimes linked with endocrine diseases. For the first time, we report a case of thymic hyperplasia in a patient 2 years after bilateral lung transplantation. Contrast-enhanced chest CT scan was highly suspicious for a posttransplant lymphoma or thymoma. Therefore, the patient received total thymectomy. Excised specimens were sent to the Department of Pathology. Unexpectedly, the histological examination revealed hyperplastic thymic tissue without evidence for a posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder or malignancy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymic Hyperplasia after Lung Transplantation Imitating Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder

Steger

Semsroth

Hager

et al. 2011

Case Reports in Transplantation

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“…Treatment with systemic corticosteroids 1 mg/kg for 5 days leads to disappearance or significant reduction of the thymus in 80-90% of cases within 3-4 days (13,14). 'Stress' itself reduces the thymic volume via increased levels of corticosteroids (15). Desensitization in a guinea pig model led to a 30% reduction in the size of the thymus over 1 week (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymus is Enlarged in Children with Current Atopic Dermatitis. A Cross-sectional Study

Olesen¹,

Andersen²,

Jeppesen³

et al. 2005

Acta Dermato-Venereologica

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Atopic dermatitis is a common skin disorder of unknown aetiology with peak incidence in early childhood. The disease is associated with peripheral T-cell accumulation in the skin. The thymus is a key organ of the cellular immune response early in life. We hypothesized that atopic dermatitis is associated with an unbalanced establishment of the peripheral T-lymphocyte system. This cross-sectional study was performed to compare thymus sizes in patients with atopic dermatitis and healthy controls. Thirty-seven children with current atopic dermatitis were enrolled and compared with 29 healthy controls. An interview and medical examination were performed by one doctor, an ultrasound scan was performed within 3 days of the examination, and the thymus index, a marker of thymus size, was measured. The thymus index was on average 32% higher (95% CI 3%-67%) in children with active atopic dermatitis compared with healthy controls. It declined with age in both children with atopic dermatitis and healthy controls, but the reduction in size was only significant for healthy controls. We demonstrate increased size of thymus among children with active atopic dermatitis compared with healthy controls. The larger size of thymus is compatible with increased thymic activity and emission of T lymphocytes.

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“…General activation of the immune system can induce true hyperplasia of the thymus. For example, the disorder is also seen in the setting of immunologic rebound after burns (5) or following chemotherapy (2). Glucocorticoids can induce T-cell and thymocyte depletion and true thyrnic hyperplasia has been described in the setting of recovery from steroid excess (3) ..…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%