Thymoma: a clinicopathological correlation of 1470 cases

Weissferdt, Annikka; Kalhor, Neda; Bishop, Justin A.; Jang, Se Jin; Ro, Jae Y.; Petersson, Fredrik; Wu, Bingcheng; Langman, Gerald; Bancroft, Hollie; Bi, Yalan; Meng, Yunxiao; Medeiros, Filomena; Brunnström, Hans; Spagnolo, Dominic V.; Chai, Siaw Ming; Laycock, Andrew; Wakely, Paul E.; Elmberger, Göran; Soares, Fernando Augusto; Campos, Antônio Hugo José Fróes Marques; Gümürdülü, Derya; Alvarado‐Cabrero, Isabel; Coppola, Domenico; Correa, Arlene M.; Rice, David C.; Mehran, Reza J.; Sepesi, Boris; Walsh, Garrett L.; Kaiser, Larry R.; Moran, César A.

doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2017.08.018

Cited by 58 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…As expected, OS rates in our study correlated with tumor stage by Masaoka-Koga. This is also in line with published larger thymoma series (Table 2) cases) and demonstrate a significant correlation with clinical outcomes (17). Accordingly, in our data we found a significant correlation to OS using this staging system, however this was limited to the subset of thymomas (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Oncological resection, myasthenia gravis and staging as prognostic factors in thymic tumors: A Chilean case series

Salas

Solovera

Bannura

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Thymic epithelial tumors are rare and highly heterogeneous. Reports from the United States suggest an overall incidence of 0.15 per 100,000/year. In contrast, the incidence of these tumors in Latin America is largely unknown and reports are scarce, somewhat limited to case reports.Methods: Herein, we report a series of 38 thymic tumors from a single institution, retrospectively incorporated into this study. Patient characteristics and outcomes including age, sex, stage, paraneoplastic syndromes, treatment regimens and the date of decease were obtained from medical records.Results: Most cases in our series were females and young age (<50 years-old) and early stage by Masaoka-Koga or the Moran staging systems. Also, a 34% of patients had myasthenia gravis (MG). Next, we analyzed overall survival (OS) rates in our series and found that the quality of surgery (R0, R1 or R2), MG status, and staging (Masaoka-Koga or Moran) were prognostic factors. Finally, we compared our data to larger thymic tumor series.Conclusions: Overall, our study confirms complete surgical resection as the standard, most effective treatment for thymic epithelial tumors. Also, the Masaoka-Koga staging system remains as a reliable prognostic factor but also the Moran staging system should be considered for thymomas.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Oncological resection, myasthenia gravis and staging as prognostic factors in thymic tumors: A Chilean case series

Salas

Solovera

Bannura

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The majority of tumours were benign, with only 19% spreading outside the capsule. This cohort seemed to have a more benign course than previously published series of thymoma patients not selected on the basis of hypogammaglobulinaemia, where more than half of patients’ tumours were invasive and 28% of patients had died . In our cohort, only nine patients (11%) had thymic carcinoma and seven patients (9%) had died, two from their metastatic thymoma and three from infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Clinical and laboratory features of seventy-eight UK patients with Good’s syndrome (thymoma and hypogammaglobulinaemia)

Zaman

Huissoon

Buckland

et al. 2018

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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Good's syndrome (thymoma and hypogammaglobulinaemia) is a rare secondary immunodeficiency disease, previously reported in the published literature as mainly individual cases or small case series. We use the national UK-Primary Immune Deficiency (UKPID) registry to identify a large cohort of patients in the UK with this PID to review its clinical course, natural history and prognosis. Clinical information, laboratory data, treatment and outcome were collated and analysed. Seventy-eight patients with a median age of 64 years, 59% of whom were female, were reviewed. Median age of presentation was 54 years. Absolute B cell numbers and serum immunoglobulins were very low in all patients and all received immunoglobulin replacement therapy. All patients had undergone thymectomy and nine (12%) had thymic carcinoma (four locally invasive and five had disseminated disease) requiring adjuvant radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. CD4 T cells were significantly lower in these patients with malignant thymoma. Seventy-four (95%) presented with infections, 35 (45%) had bronchiectasis, seven (9%) chronic sinusitis, but only eight (10%) had serious invasive fungal or viral infections. Patients with AB-type thymomas were more likely to have bronchiectasis. Twenty (26%) suffered from autoimmune diseases (pure red cell aplasia, hypothyroidism, arthritis, myasthenia gravis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome). There was no association between thymoma type and autoimmunity. Seven (9%) patients had died. Good's syndrome is associated with significant morbidity relating to infectious and autoimmune complications. Prospective studies are required to understand why some patients with thymoma develop persistent hypogammaglobulinaemia.

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“…In addition to the appropriate treatment of the underlying malignancy, the autoimmune sequelae that often present concurrently or post-operatively must also be managed. Oncologically, the treatment of thymomas generally involves surgical resection accompanied by adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemoradiation when there is evidence for microscopic or gross invasion [3-4]. Complete resection of the mass by thymectomy is the gold standard in the treatment of an early-stage thymoma and offers patients the best prognosis [5-7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymoma-associated Myasthenia Gravis in a Young Adult with Development of Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Post-thymectomy: A Case Report

Liu

Dar

Tay

et al. 2018

Cureus

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We report a young adult with thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis (MG) who, following thymectomy, developed paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (LE) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although thymomas commonly co-occur with MG, LE is an uncommon autoimmune sequela. Herein, we discuss the pathophysiology of paraneoplastic LE and its management. Our report also highlights an unusual case of a thymoma patient who presented with multiple autoimmune disorders. The treatment of such a patient is therefore challenging and requires care from multiple specialized teams.

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Thymoma: a clinicopathological correlation of 1470 cases

Cited by 58 publications

References 31 publications

Oncological resection, myasthenia gravis and staging as prognostic factors in thymic tumors: A Chilean case series

Oncological resection, myasthenia gravis and staging as prognostic factors in thymic tumors: A Chilean case series

Clinical and laboratory features of seventy-eight UK patients with Good’s syndrome (thymoma and hypogammaglobulinaemia)

Thymoma-associated Myasthenia Gravis in a Young Adult with Development of Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Post-thymectomy: A Case Report

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