Thyroglobulin production by malignant thyroid tumors. An immunocytochemical and radioimmunoassay study

Leche, A. Ryff-De; Staub, J J; Kohler-Faden, Ruth; Müller-Brand, Jan; Heitz, Philipp U.

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19860315)57:6<1145::aid-cncr2820570615>3.0.co;2-x

Cited by 29 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Thyroglobulin is an excellent marker of papillary and follicular carcinomas but is a poor marker of anaplastic thyroid carcinomas and, as might be expected, is not a marker of medullary (neuroendocrine) carcinomas of the thyroid. 163 TTF-1.-Importantly, TTF-1 is an even more-sensitive marker of thyroid carcinomas than thyroglobulin is and is expressed in more than 90% of thyroid carcinomas, with the solitary exception of the anaplastic variant, in which the sensitivity is close to zero. In addition, TTF-1 can be employed as a marker of neuroendocrine carcinomas of the thyroid, such as medullary carcinomas.…”

Section: Thyroid Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical Applications in Immunohistochemistry: Carcinomas of Unknown Primary Site

Kandalaft

Gown

2015

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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Context.-Identification of the site of origin of carcinoma of unknown primary using immunohistochemistry is a frequent requirement of anatomic pathologists. Diagnostic accuracy is crucial, particularly in the current era of targeted therapies and smaller sample sizes.Objectives.-To provide practical guidance and suggestions for classifying carcinoma of unknown primary using both proven and new antibodies, as well as targeting panels based on integration of morphologic and clinical features.Data Sources.-Literature review, the authors' practice experience, and authors' research.Conclusions.-With well-performed and interpreted immunohistochemistry panels, anatomic pathologists can successfully identify the site of origin of carcinoma of unknown primary. It is crucial to understand not only the diagnostic uses of the many available antibodies but also the potential limits and pitfalls.

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Section: Thyroid Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical Applications in Immunohistochemistry: Carcinomas of Unknown Primary Site

Kandalaft

Gown

2015

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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“…An alternative to periodic radioiodine scans to search for metastatic disease in patients who have undergone total thyroidectomy is serum thyroglobulin (Tg) assay [124,125]. Almost all differentiated thyroid cancers contain immunoreactive Tg, but anaplastic thyroid cancers do not.…”

Section: Thyroid Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Endemic goiter and endemic thyroid disorders

1991

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The primary role of iodine deficiency in goitrogenesis and the prevention and treatment of endemic goiter by iodine supplementation is firmly established. Unfortunately, implementation of iodine prophylaxis programs has met with considerable technical and socioeconomic difficulties. Besides, lack of knowledge concerning some of the other causative factors of endemic goiter has prevented development of appropriate measures for its complete eradication in those areas where goiter persists in spite of prolonged and adequate iodine supplementation. At present, no less than 5% of the world's population have goiters and associated disorders, resulting in a public health and socioeconomic problem of major proportions. Seventy-five percent of people with goiter live in less developed countries where iodine deficiency is prevalent. Goiter prevalence rates of more than 50% and the highest frequency of severe cases of iodine deficiency disorders, namely, cretinism, congenital hypothyroidism, and various degrees of impairment of growth and mental development are found in endemic areas with extreme iodine deficiency. Goiters are usually multinodular and of very large size, producing, on occasion, signs of compression that require surgery. Recurrence rates are as high as 25-30% and second surgery accounts for 16% of all thyroidectomies. Unfortunately, most of these goiters occur in areas with highly restricted medical and surgical facilities. Twenty-five percent of people with goiters live in more developed countries where goiter continues to occur in certain areas despite iodine prophylaxis. Iodine-sufficient goiters are associated with autoimmune thyroiditis, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and thyroid carcinoma. Goiter is of considerable surgical significance in iodine-sufficient endemic areas and, to a lesser degree, in nonendemic areas where it is called "sporadic" goiter. Recurrence rates of iodine-sufficient goiter are 10-19% following thyroidectomy. Since most of these goiters grow by mechanisms other than increased thyrotropin (TSH) stimulation, treatment with suppressive doses of L-thyroxine is inefficient and, because of possible complications, not recommended. Although Graves' hyperthyroidism is not directly related to endemic goiter, it does relate adversely with ingestion or administration of iodine. At present, Graves' disease is treated with 131I or antithyroid drugs in more than 90% of the cases. The incidence rates of papillary, follicular, and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas appear to be related to endemic goiter and iodine supplementation, with surgery being required in essentially all of these cases.

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“…Thyroglobulin expression assessed by immunohistochemistry has been used for its diagnostic value in differentiating thyroid cancer tissue for decades [ 29 , 30 ]. Dralle et al reported no difference in radioiodine uptake positivity in recurrent lesions with or without Tg staining; however, they used less sensitive techniques for radioactivity quantification than in the current work [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-Therapeutic Measurements of Iodine Avidity in Papillary and Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Reveal Associations with Thyroglobulin Expression, Histological Variants and Ki-67 Index

Nilsson

Siikanen

Hedman

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) are treated with radioiodine to reduce recurrence and to treat the spread of disease. Adequate iodine accumulation in cancer tissue, iodine avidity, is important for treatment effect. This study investigated which clinical and histological tumour characteristics correlate with avidity. To quantify avidity in cancer tissue, tracer amounts of iodine-131 were given to 45 patients with cytologically confirmed thyroid cancer. At pathology grossing, representative samples of tumour and lymph nodes were taken and subjected to radioactivity quantification ex vivo to determine avidity. Afterwards, samples underwent extended pathology work-up and analysis. We found that tumoural Tg expression and Ki-67 index were correlated with avidity, whereas tumour size and pT stage were not. The histological variant of thyroid cancer was also correlated with iodine avidity. Variants associated with worse clinical prognoses displayed lower avidity than variants with better prognoses. This work provides new information on which tumours have low iodine avidity. Lower avidity in aggressive histological PTC variants may explain their overall poorer prognoses. Our findings also suggest that radioiodine dosage could be adapted to Tg expression, Ki-67 index or histological variant instead of pT stage, potentially improving the efficacy of radioiodine therapy.

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Thyroglobulin production by malignant thyroid tumors. An immunocytochemical and radioimmunoassay study

Cited by 29 publications

References 32 publications

Practical Applications in Immunohistochemistry: Carcinomas of Unknown Primary Site

Practical Applications in Immunohistochemistry: Carcinomas of Unknown Primary Site

Endemic goiter and endemic thyroid disorders

Pre-Therapeutic Measurements of Iodine Avidity in Papillary and Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Reveal Associations with Thyroglobulin Expression, Histological Variants and Ki-67 Index

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