Thyroid cancer characteristics in the population surrounding three mile island

Goyal, Neerav; Camacho, Fabian; Mangano, Joseph J.; Goldenberg, David

doi:10.1002/lary.23314

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The data released by Pennsylvania and the United States display an unexplained increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer, with a more rapid increase in incidence between 1996 and 2005, than any other cancer site. Additionally, among the states, Pennsylvania has one of the highest incidences and rises in incidences of thyroid cancer . Currently, there is no explanation for this discrepancy in Pennsylvania or the United States.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating for a geospatial relationship between radon levels and thyroid Cancer in Pennsylvania

et al. 2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating for a geospatial relationship between radon levels and thyroid Cancer in Pennsylvania

et al. 2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…31 Although the Three Mile Island nuclear accident in central Pennsylvania released significant amounts of radioactivity, several studies have shown that the Three Mile Island accident is not likely to be responsible for large increases in the incidence of thyroid cancer in Pennsylvania. 12,32,33 By contrast, obesity and dietary habits may independently contribute to the development of thyroid cancer. 31,34–37 According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data from 2010, Pennsylvania is the state with the 13th highest prevalence of obesity, with 29.1% of the population having a body mass index of 30 or greater (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 The incidence of thyroid cancer in Pennsylvania is well documented by the Pennsylvania Cancer Registry (PCR), which has collected statewide cancer data from hospitals, clinics, laboratories, radiation facilities, cancer centers, surgical centers, physician’s offices, and death certificates since 1985. Our aim in this study was to compare the increase in thyroid cancer incidence and tumor characteristics in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania with those in the rest of the nation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Incidence of Thyroid Cancer in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

Bann

Goyal

Camacho

et al. 2014

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IMPORTANCE The incidence of thyroid cancer in the United States has increased rapidly and Pennsylvania is the state with the highest rate of thyroid cancer in the country, although the factors driving this increase are unknown. Moreover, it remains unclear whether the increase in thyroid cancer represents a true increase in disease or is the result of overdiagnosis. OBJECTIVE To compare the increase in thyroid cancer incidence and tumor characteristics in Pennsylvania with the rest of the United States and gain insight into the factors influencing the increased incidence of thyroid cancer. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In a population-based study, data on thyroid cancer from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results 9 (SEER-9) registry and the Pennsylvania Cancer Registry (PCR) from 1985 through 2009 were collected and reviewed for information regarding sex, race, histologic type of thyroid cancer, staging, and tumor size at diagnosis. International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition code C739 (thyroid carcinoma) was used to identify 110 615 records in the SEER-9 registry and 29 030 records in the PCR. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Average annual percent change (AAPC) in thyroid cancer incidence across various demographic groups in Pennsylvania. RESULTS The AAPC for thyroid cancer in Pennsylvania was 7.1% per year (95% CI, 6.3%–7.9%) vs 4.2% (95% CI, 3.7%–4.7%) per year in the remainder of the United States, and trends in incidence were significantly different (P < .001). Females experienced a higher AAPC (7.6% per year; 95% CI, 6.9%–8.3%) compared with males (6.1% per year; 95% CI, 4.9%–7.2%) (P < .01), and trend analysis revealed that thyroid cancer may be increasing more rapidly among black females (8.6% per year; 95% CI, 5.4%–11.9%) than among white females (7.6% per year; 95% CI, 6.8%–8.4) (P = .60; but despite the similarity in AAPC between the 2 groups, the joinpoint models fit to the data were not parallel [P < .005]). The rate of tumors with regional (7.0% per year; 95% CI, 5.8%–8.1%) or distant (1.1% per year; 95% CI, 0.3%–1.8%) spread (P < .05) and tumors that were 2 to 4 cm (7.1% per year; 95% CI, 5.2%–9.0%) (P < .05) or larger than 4 cm (6.4% per year; 95% CI, 4.5%–8.2%) (P < .05) at diagnosis also increased. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The incidence of thyroid cancer is rising at a faster rate in Pennsylvania than in the rest of the nation, as is the rate of tumors that are larger and higher stage at diagnosis. These findings suggest that rising disease burden has contributed to the increased incidence of thyroid cancer. Etiologic factors promoting the rise in thyroid cancer in Pennsylvania must be investigated and may provide insight into the drivers of the national increase in thyroid cancer.

show abstract

“…The most common form of thyroid cancer in the United States is papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), for which radiation exposure is a known risk factor . Several groups have conducted epidemiologic studies aimed at determining the effect of radiation released during the TMI accident on thyroid cancer in the surrounding population . However, these efforts have produced variable results regarding the potential impact of the TMI accident on thyroid cancer incidence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,6 Several groups have conducted epidemiologic studies aimed at determining the effect of radiation released during the TMI accident on thyroid cancer in the surrounding population. [7][8][9] However, these efforts have produced variable results regarding the potential impact of the TMI accident on thyroid cancer incidence. Much of the variability associated with these studies is likely due to the relatively small size of the population surrounding the TMI plant relative to the large population required to detect statistically significant increases in cancer incidence following low-level radiation release, combined with a high degree of mobility in the local population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%