Thyroid Disease in Hemochromatosis

Edwards, Corwin Q.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1983.00350100052015

Cited by 41 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Hemochromatosis, a genetically-determined disease associated with excessive iron accumulation, is more prevalent in men than in women, and women are diagnosed around ten years later than men, mostly after menopause [20,27]. Additionally, in male patients with hemochromatosis, iron is accumulated in a larger quantity than in women with this entity [28]. This sexual dimorphism may be mainly caused by higher 17β-estradiol levels in premenopausal women than in men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fenton Reaction-Induced Oxidative Damage to Membrane Lipids and Protective Effects of 17β-Estradiol in Porcine Ovary and Thyroid Homogenates

Rynkowska

Stępniak

Karbownik-Lewińska

2020

IJERPH

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The Fenton reaction (Fe2++H2O2→Fe3++•OH+OH-) results in strong oxidative damage to macromolecules when iron (Fe) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are in excess. This study aims at comparing Fe2++H2O2-induced oxidative damage to membrane lipids (lipid peroxidation, LPO) and protective effects of 17β-estradiol (a potential antioxidant) in porcine ovary and thyroid homogenates. Iron, as one of the Fenton reaction substrates, was used in the highest achievable concentrations. Thyroid or ovary homogenates were incubated in the presence of: (1st) FeSO4+H2O2 with/without 17β-estradiol (1 mM; 100, 10.0, 1.0 µM; 100, 10.0, 1.0 nM; 100, 10.0, 1.0 pM); five experiments were performed with different FeSO4 concentrations (2400, 1200, 600, 300, 150 µM); (2nd) FeSO4 (2400, 1200, 600, 300, 150 µM)+H2O2 with/without 17β-estradiol; three experiments were performed with three highest 17β-estradiol concentrations; (3rd) FeSO4 (2400, 1200, 1100, 1000, 900, 800, 700, 600, 300, 150, 75 µM)+H2O2 (5 mM). LPO level [MDA+4-HDA/mg protein] was measured spectrophotometrically. The basal LPO level is lower in ovary than in thyroid homogenates. However, experimentally-induced LPO was higher in the former tissue, which was confirmed for the three highest Fe2+ concentrations (2400, 1200, 1100 µM). Exogenous 17β-estradiol (1 mM, 100, and 10 µM) reduced experimentally-induced LPO independently of iron concentration and that protective effect did not differ between tissues. The ovary, compared to the thyroid, reveals higher sensitivity to prooxidative effects of iron, however, it showed similar responsivity to protective 17β-estradiol activity. The therapeutic effect of 17β-estradiol against iron overload consequences should be considered with relation to both tissues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fenton Reaction-Induced Oxidative Damage to Membrane Lipids and Protective Effects of 17β-Estradiol in Porcine Ovary and Thyroid Homogenates

Rynkowska

Stępniak

Karbownik-Lewińska

2020

IJERPH

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“…Exposure to iron on either day six or ten caused no damage. 7 growth deficiency, 8 hemophilic synovitis, 9 hypogonadism, 10 lung cancer, 11 osteoporosis, 12 pneumoconiosis, 13 teratogenicity 14 Iron can be a cofactor in promoting the condition Alzheimer's, 15 atherosclerosis, 16 bacterial infections, 3 diabetes, 17 endometriosis, 18 esophageal adenocarcinoma, 19 fungal and protozoan infections, 20 gout, 21 hepatoma, 22 multiple sclerosis, 23 osteoarthritis, 24 oto-and renal toxicity, 25 ozone lung injury, 26 peripheral neuropathy, 27 viral infection 28 Iron deposits are observed in condition-associated tissues sites basal ganglia in PKAN, 29 bronchoalveolar fluid in PAP, 30 hepatocytes in cirrhosis/NAFLD and viral hepatitis, 31 lens in cataract, 32 microglia in Huntington's, 33 mitochondria in Friedreich's ataxia, 34 pulmonary secretions in cystic fibrosis, 35 retina in macular degeneration, 36 skeletal muscle in aging, 37 skin cells in rosacea, 38 soft tissue in Kaposi's sarcoma, 39 substantia nigra in Parkinson's, 40 thyroid in hypothyroidism 41 Body iron loading is associated with above normal incidence of condition amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 42 breast cancer, 43 colorectal cancer, 44 depression, 45 Down syndrome, 46 epilepsy, 47 gestational diabetes,…”

Section: Eugene D Weinbergmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hazards of iron loading

Weinberg

2010

Metallomics

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Excessive or misplaced tissue iron now is recognized to pose a substantial health risk for an extensive array of endocrinological, gastrointestinal, infectious, neoplasmic, neurodegenerative, obstetric, ophthalmic, orthopedic, pulmonary and vascular diseases. Ingested, injected, inhaled and decompartmentalized iron contributes not only to disease, but also to aging and mortality. Iron is dangerous by catalyzing free radical formation and by serving as an essential nutrient for microbial and neoplasmic cell invaders. Our body cells exhibit wide variation in sensitivity to iron toxicity. Efficacy of our iron withholding defense system is modulated by numerous environmental, behavioral and genetic factors. A notable variety of methods for prevention and therapy of iron toxicity are now becoming available.

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“…Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder (Sheldon, 1936;Dymock et ai., 1972), though it has been questioned whether iron deposits in the islets of Langerhans are the sole cause (Walsh et at., 1978). Impaired secretion of certain anterior pituitary hormones, notably gonadotrophins (Kent et al, 1969;Tourniare et Walsh et al, 1976;McNeil et al, 1982;Henrion et al, 1982;Varela et al, 1983;Walton et al, 1983) and less commonly GH (Henrion et al, 1982;Edwards et a/., 1983) are well established complications. Occasional reports of hypothyroidism, both of pituitary and primary origin, have also been documented in patients with IH (McNeil et al, 1982;Henrion et al, 1982;Walton et al, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%