Thyroid Disease in the Elderly

Mokshagundam, Sri Prakash L.; Barzel, Uriel S.

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1993.tb06488.x

Cited by 46 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…The result was compatible with the findings of other similar studies [11,16]. It suggested that elevated TSH values directly reflect impaired thyroid hormone production.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Prevalence Study of Thyroid Dysfunction in the Elderly of Taiwan

Chuang

Wang

et al. 1998

Gerontology

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The present study was aimed at investigating the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in the elderly, aged 65 years or older, in a community of southern Taiwan. By using the records of the local household registry, a sampling frame for the elderly population was constructed, and a sample of 1,400 subjects was drawn by simple random sampling. After the exclusion of nonresponse subjects, 917 subjects aged between 65 and 88 years (mean 71.9) were included in our survey. The serum thyrotropin levels of these participants were measured by monoclonal antibodies TSH immunoradiometric assays. A normal range, 0.45–4.65 µU/ml, was determined from the middle 95% of the TSH distribu- tion of 140 ‘disease-free’ subjects. By reference to the normal range, 23 (2.51%) participants had high (>4.65 µU/ml), and 41 (4.47%) had low (<0.46 µU/ml) TSH levels. The overall prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in the sample was 6.98%. Of the 23 participants with high TSH levels, 8 (34.8%) had low free T4 values (<1.21 ng/dl), so-called overt hypothyroidism, and of the 41 participants with low TSH levels, only 1 (2.4%) had high T3 values, so-called T3 thyrotoxicosis. Antithyroid antibodies were found in 56.5% of those with high TSH levels but only 12.2% of those with low TSH levels (odds ratio = 8.53, 95% confidence limits = 2.55–28.50, p < 0.001). This result indicates that autoimmune disease is still the major cause of hypothyroidism in aged people. However, the prevalence of subclinical hyperthyroidism is higher than that of subclinical hypothyroidism and it might relate to nonautoimmune factors.

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“…The result was compatible with the findings of other similar studies [11,16]. It suggested that elevated TSH values directly reflect impaired thyroid hormone production.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Assessment of thyroid status in geriatric patients has been widely discussed in recent years [14][15][16]. The estimates of the prevalence of thyroid diseases in the elderly depend in part on the sampling methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence Study of Thyroid Dysfunction in the Elderly of Taiwan

Chuang

Wang

et al. 1998

Gerontology

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“…Thyroid glands affected with autoimmune disorders may show a hypoechoic pattern (15,16) caused by increased cellularity and a variable degree of lymphocytic infiltration (17). These structural changes usually precede the detection of autoantibodies in the serum and other laboratory abnormalities (18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic assessment of thyroid volume in oldest-old individuals

Duarte

Araújo

Filho

et al. 2017

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the relationship between thyroid volume and age, gender, anthropometric characteristics, and echogenicity in oldest-old subjects in an iodine-sufficient area. Subjects and methods: The study included 81 independent elderly individuals aged ≥ 80 years (65 [80.2%] women). We determined these individuals' anthropometric characteristics, body mass index (BMI), and lean body mass, as well as thyroid volume and echogenicity by ultrasonography. Results: We observed that octogenarians and nonagenarians had different profiles of thyroid echogenicity. The volume of the thyroid was smaller in nonagenarians than octogenarians (p = 0.012, r = 0.176), and subjects aged 80-89 years had more often hypoechoic glands than those aged ≥ 90 years (p = 0.01 versus 0.602). Conclusion: The identification of ultrasonographic differences in oldestold individuals will contribute to establishing preclinical markers, such as echogenicity, to identify individuals at risk of developing autoimmune thyroid disease. Future prospective studies should identify if 80-89-year-old individuals with hypoechoic glands progress to hypothyroidism, and if the absence of changes in echogenicity (i.e. a normal thyroid parenchyma) would have a positive impact on longevity among nonagenarians. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2017;61(3):269-75.

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“…Esta dificuldade técnica se deve, provavelmente, à presença de cifose cervical, que desvia a traquéia para trás e para baixo, dificultando a palpação adequada da glândula e a estimativa do tamanho (14). Em nossa amostra, a palpação da tiróide foi inadequada em 33,7% dos idosos, o que torna importante a realização de ultra-som, principalmente nos casos em que o exame clínico é prejudicado.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Prevalência de bócio e nódulos tiroideanos detectados através de ultra-som em população com mais de 50 anos

Mendonça

Jorge

Diniz

2000

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a prevalência de bócio e nódulos em uma população com mais de 50 anos, comparando-a com grupo controle composto pelos filhos. Para isso, foram avaliados 101 indivíduos (19M / 82 F) com idades entre 51 e 85 anos e 65 filhos (18 M / 47 F) com idades entre 14 e 50 anos. Utilizamos o ultra-som para diagnóstico de bócio e nódulos, mas foi feita, também, avaliação clínica com palpação da tiróide. A prevalência de bócio e nódulos foi maior nos indiví-duos com mais de 50 anos (15,8% e 18,8%, respectivamente), do que nos filhos (3,1% e 7,7%, respectivamente), Não observamos correlação entre volume tiroideano e idade. A palpação da tiróide se mostrou pouco sensível para detecção de bócio e nódulos, mas com alta especificidade. Concluímos que a prevalência de bócio e nódulos é maior na população com mais de 50 anos, embora sem correlação entre volume tiroideano e idade. O ultra-som se mostrou melhor que a palpação isoladamente, na detecção de alterações do volume e presença de nódulos tiroideanos. ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of goiter and thyroid nodules in a population aged 50 years and older, matching with a younger control group, their offspring. We studied 101 subjects (19M/82F), 51 to 85 years and 65 offspring (18M / 47F), 14 to 50 years of age. Ultrasound was used to identify goiter and thyroid nodules, but all thyroids were also evaluated by palpation. The prevalence of goiter and thyroid nodules were higher in the older group (15.8% and 18.8%, respectively) as compared to their offspring (3.1% and 7,7%, respectively). No correlation was found between thyroid volume and age. Thyroid palpation has poor sensitivity but high specificity in identifying goiter and nodules. We conclude that goiter and nodules are more prevalent in the elderly, with no correlation between thyroid volume and age. Ultrasound was better than thyroid palpation to detect goiter and nodules. A MAIORIA DOS ESTUDOS PUBLICADOS concorda que, na população idosa, a prevalência de nódulos tiroideanos é nitidamente maior e tende a aumentar proporcionalmente com a idade (1-5). Por outro lado, relatos sobre o volume glandular em idosos são discordantes (1-8). A controvér-sia existe devido a alguns fatores, como: nível de suficiência de iodo alimentar na região estudada, etnia e métodos usados para a detecção destas alterações (palpação, ultra-som ou exame anátomo-patológico) que podem interferir diretamente nos resultados.

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Thyroid Disease in the Elderly

Cited by 46 publications

References 93 publications

Prevalence Study of Thyroid Dysfunction in the Elderly of Taiwan

Prevalence Study of Thyroid Dysfunction in the Elderly of Taiwan

Ultrasonographic assessment of thyroid volume in oldest-old individuals

Prevalência de bócio e nódulos tiroideanos detectados através de ultra-som em população com mais de 50 anos

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