Thyroid Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence

Growth in Children with Thyroid Dysfunction

“…In the central nervous system, general genomic effects include stimulation of cell migration and neuronal cell maturation and stimulation of dendritic arborisation, synaptic density and increased myelogenesis. Gene products regulated by T3 in the CNS are myelin basic protein, nerve growth factors and their receptors, neurotropin 3, neural cell adhesion molecules, cerebellar PCP-2 and prostaglandin D2 synthase (Fisher & Grueters, 2008).…”

“…The binding reactions are nearly complete, and thus the euthyroid steady-state concentration of free T4 and T3 approximate 0.03% and 0.3% (respectively) of total hormone concentrations. TBG levels are higher in children than in adults and decrease progressively to adult levels during adolescence (Fisher, 1990;Fisher & Grueters, 2008 Growth failure due to GH or TSH deficiency is usually the earliest manifestation of pituitary hypofunction, but other features related to primary disease, neurologic disorder, or hypothalamic dysfunction may be prominent.…”

“…Most children respond well to a dose of 100 µg/m 2 (Fisher, 1990;Fisher & Grueters, 2008). When clinical features such as loss of body hair occur and increase the possibility of pituitary hypothyroidism, it is dangerous to treat the patient with thyroid hormone without determining the plasma cortisol level and, if necessary, correcting any adrenocortical deficiency (Hall, 1989).…”

“…If the hypothyroid state is prolonged prior to treatment, catch-up growth may be incomplete. Excessive dosage is marked by disproportionate advancement in skeletal age (Fisher & Grueters, 2008).…”

Hashimoto tiroiditli hastalarımızın özellikleri

“…It is an organ-specific autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid gland in which varying degrees of cellular and humoral immune response are involved and which results in thyroid cell death via apopytosis (1)(2)(3).…”