Thyroid disorders in reproductive age presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding

Abstract

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a frequently encountered clinical presentation in gynecological OPD. They are not life threatening but can cause social, psychological and occupational disturbances. As thyroid hormones play a major role in the menstrual and reproductive function of women, studying for thyroid disorder in patients with AUB should be a logical step.This is a prospective observational study conducted in Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, BBSR, Odisha. Two hundred and eighty patients of age group 18 to 45 years presenting with AUB were included in this study. All were subjected to routine investigations along with thyroid function tests.Out of 280 patients, 56 patients (20%) had thyroid abnormality. Among which 26 were diagnosed as subclinical hypothyroidism, 24 had hypothyroidism and 6 patients had hyperthyroidism. The frequent menstrual symptom associated with hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism was menorrhagia. Oligomenorrhea was seen in 50% of hyperthyroid patients.Any type of menstrual disorder should be considered as a possible presenting symptom of thyroid dysfunction and thyroid assessment deemed necessary in such cases, so that we can treat patients at the earliest and prevent morbidities in later life.

A Comparison Thyroid Function Test Between Patient Group and Control Group Among Women Had Thyroid Disorders

“…In the present study, out of 50 patients with thyroid gland dysfunction, 42% have enlarged thyroid gland compared with control group 0% as shown (Table 2). The current study agrees with the study conducted by (20,21,22) , in Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Odisha, where it found out of 56 patients with thyroid gland dysfunction, 44.6% have goiter.…”

Effect of thyroid gland dysfunction on menstrual pattern among reproductive age group women

“…In the study by (27,28) , obtained similar results in their study i.e, maximum frequency of abnormal menstrual pattern (29, 23 respectively). In terms of the distribution of the highest frequency of abnormal menstruation types, the present study agrees with the previous studies by (29,30,31) , where they obtained similar results for menorrhagia, oligomenorrhea and polymenorrhea (52 (52%), 19 (19 %), 15 (15%), 28, 12, 8 respectively). The current study disagrees with a study conducted by (32) in Sudan, the majority of the total respondents were 53.9% have normal menstrual cycle pattern, 19% suffered from polymenorrhea, 12.4% reported oligomenorrhea, and 1.4% suffered from menorrhagia.…”