Thyroid Dysfunction in Patient with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in a Tertiary Hospital of Eastern Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: Thyroid hormone is known to affect reproductive biology. Abnormal uterine bleeding is one of the common presentations in gynaecology outpatient departments and thyroid dysfunction is known to affect its progression. This study aims to find the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in diagnosed cases of abnormal uterine bleeding in patients in a tertiary hospital of eastern Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in patients diagnosed with abnormal uterine bleeding in a tertiary care hospital of eastern Nepal from April 2019-March 2020 after taking ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee. On basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 95 cases of abnormal uterine bleeding were included in the study. A blood sample was taken and a thyroid function test was done by chemiluminescence assay on an automated analyzer. Convenient sampling method was used for sample collection. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Out of the total cases of abnormal uterine bleeding, 15 (15.79%) (8.46-23.12 at 95% Confidence Interval) had thyroid dysfunction. Among total cases, 80 (84.21%) were euthyroid. The mean age of the patients was 33±8 years. Among thyroid dysfunction, 9 (60.0%) were hypothyroid, 4 (26.66 %) were subclinical hypothyroid, and 2 (13.33 %) were hyperthyroid. Conclusions: Thyroid dysfunction was common among patients with abnormal uterine bleeding, with hypothyroidism being the most common type.

Clinicopathological Evaluation of Thyroid Dysfunction in Women with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

“…AUB and hypothyroidism. Result of this study is similar to the results of many previous studies13,14 . Whitaker et al, documented the hypothyroidism is one of the common diseases that must be assessed among women with abnormal uterine bleeding 2 .…”

“…The mean age of the patients was 33±8 years. Among thyroid dysfunction, 9 (60.0%) were hypothyroid, 4 (26.66 %) were subclinical hypothyroid, and 2 (13.33 %) were hyperthyroid 13 . Another study reported thyroid disorders are common in females with subclinical hypothyroidism as it's the most common type.…”

Hypothyroidism and Its Impact on Menstrual Irregularities in Reproductive-Age Women: A Comprehensive Analysis at a Tertiary Care Center

“…As Kakatiya Medical College and MGM Hospital in Warangal are government institutions, this funding ensured that all participants received the necessary thyroid function tests at no personal expense, facilitating thorough data collection and analysis for the study. The reference ranges for thyroid hormone levels were defined according to established American Thyroid Association (ATA) clinical guidelines [1,4,[8][9][10]. For TSH, the ranges are as follows: Low: <0.4 mIU/L, Normal: 0.4-4.0 mIU/L, and High: >4.0 mIU/L.…”

Effect of thyroid gland dysfunction on menstrual pattern among reproductive age group women

“…Hyperthyroidism is a condition that occurs when thyroid-stimulating hormone level is low with free T3 and T4 levels are high (13) . The association of hyperthyroidism with amenorrhea has been described as early as 1840 by Von Bosedow (14) . Subclinical hyperthyroidism is defined by a low serum thyroid-stimulating hormone concentration, with normal free T3 and T4 concentrations (15,16) .…”