Thyroid eye disease in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia: clinical profile and correlation with vitamin D deficiency

Alali, Mohammad; Alkulaib, Noura Saleh; Alkhars, Ahmed Z; AlBadri, Khadija; Hassan, Sultan Al; Elewa, Mustafa; Al-Dairi, Walaa; Alsaqer, Saja Khalifah; Al-Abdulqader, Rawan Anwer; Alhammad, Fatimah

doi:10.1080/01676830.2023.2181975

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Graves’ Orbitopathy1

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2024

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“…This likely contributed to the higher vitamin D levels observed after treatment [ 30 ]. The latest publications showed no significant connection between the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and TED, mainly in terms of patients with 25(OH)D > 20 ng/mL [ 31 , 32 ]. A different study by G. Lanzolla, conducted on a relatively large population, found no differences in 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels between patients with and without Graves’ orbitopathy (GO).…”

Section: Graves’ Orbitopathymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Vitamin D3 in Ocular Diseases

Mrugacz,

Pieńczykowska,

Bryl

2024

Nutrients

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Vitamin D3 plays a vital role in numerous physiological processes within the human body, including having a positive effect on eye health. It is renowned for its immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and angiogenic properties. Its deficiency is evolving into a significant global challenge. In order to explain the connection between vitamin D3 and various ocular diseases, 84 relevant studies, mainly from the PubMed database, published in English between 1999 and 2024 were analyzed. Ocular tissues can activate and regulate vitamin D levels, which emphasizes the significance of this nutrient in maintaining eye homeostasis. While there is suggestive evidence for a probable association between vitamin D3 and ocular health, more robust research is needed to establish causation and inform clinical guidelines.

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Section: Graves’ Orbitopathymentioning

confidence: 99%