Thyroid Function and Mood Disorders: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Kuś, Aleksander; Kjærgaard, Alisa D; Marouli, Eirini; M, Fabiola Del Greco; Sterenborg, Rosalie; Chaker, Layal; Peeters, Robin P.; Bednarczuk, Tomasz; Åsvold, Bjørn Olav; Burgess, Stephen; Deloukas, Panos; Teumer, Alexander; Ellervik, Christina; Medici, Marco

doi:10.1089/thy.2020.0884

Cited by 34 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…MR analysis can provide critical insights into causal relationships, which have signi cant public health implications and can provide references for guideline development. Previous MR analyses have shown a negative association between FT4 and BD, while hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism exhibited no signi cant statistical associations with BD [15,16]. Our study, with an expanded GWAS sample size and increased statistical power, generated different conclusions, strengthening the evidence for the causal relationship and helping clarify the direction of this association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

The association between bipolar disorder and thyroid dysfunction: a bidirectional two- sample Mendelian randomization study

Xu,

You,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Both bipolar disorder (BD) and thyroid dysfunction contribute significantly to the global burden on the quality of life of the population. Previous studies have observed a potential association between BD and thyroid dysfunction. Our aim was to analyze the causal relationship between BD and thyroid dysfunction.Methods We ran a group of bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses based on summary data of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of European individuals to estimate the causal relationship between BD (N = 413,466) and thyroid dysfunction (N = 462,933). A threshold of P < 0.05 was deemed of potential evidence for a causal effect. Instrument variables (IVs) were included based on the genome-wide significance threshold (P < 5 × 10− 8) and linkage disequilibrium (LD) clumping (r2 < 0.001). In total, 41 and 39 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) associated with BD were employed as genetic instruments for hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, respectively. In the reverse MR analysis, 99 and 11 variants extracted from hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were utilized as genetic instruments, which were obtained from recent large-scale Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS). Outlier assessment and sensitivity analyses of results were performed to confirm the robustness.Results Analyses suggested that BD was negatively associated with hypothyroidism (OR 0.996; 95%CI 0.993–0.999; P = 0.003). Hyperthyroidism was negatively associated with BD(OR 1.68*10− 5;95%CI 1.72*10− 7–0.002༛P = 2.52*10− 6). However, no evidence suggested an association between hypothyroidism and the risk of BD, as well as BD and the risk of hyperthyroidism.Conclusions This study provides evidence that the presence of BD is associated with a decreased risk of hypothyroidism. Meanwhile, the presence of hyperthyroidism is associated with a decreased risk of developing BD. These findings hold significant implications for future research endeavors aimed at improving treatment approaches for individuals with BD and exploring the etiology of BD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

The association between bipolar disorder and thyroid dysfunction: a bidirectional two- sample Mendelian randomization study

Xu,

You,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Abnormal activity within the thyroid has been linked to several psychological conditions, such as depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder [ 1 ]. We have previously shown evidence of a causal association of thyroid function with risk of Alzheimer's disease [ 2 ] but not with depression [ 3 ]. Cross-disorder genomic analyses have shown that psychiatric disorders such as SCZ are inter-linked to bipolar disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder and autism spectrum disorders [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of thyroid function in borderline personality disorder and schizophrenia: a Mendelian Randomisation study

Babajide,

Kjaergaard,

Deng

et al. 2024

bord personal disord emot dysregul

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Background Genome-wide association studies have reported a genetic overlap between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and schizophrenia (SCZ). Epidemiologically, the direction and causality of the association between thyroid function and risk of BPD and SCZ are unclear. We aim to test whether genetically predicted variations in TSH and FT4 levels or hypothyroidism are associated with the risk of BPD and SCZ. Methods We employed Mendelian Randomisation (MR) analyses using genetic instruments associated with TSH and FT4 levels as well as hypothyroidism to examine the effects of genetically predicted thyroid function on BPD and SCZ risk. Bidirectional MR analyses were employed to investigate a potential reverse causal association. Results Genetically predicted higher FT4 was not associated with the risk of BPD (OR: 1.18; P = 0.60, IVW) or the risk of SCZ (OR: 0.93; P = 0.19, IVW). Genetically predicted higher TSH was not associated with the risk of BPD (OR: 1.11; P = 0.51, IVW) or SCZ (OR: 0.98, P = 0.55, IVW). Genetically predicted hypothyroidism was not associated with BPD or SCZ. We found no evidence for a reverse causal effect between BPD or SCZ on thyroid function. Conclusions We report evidence for a null association between genetically predicted FT4, TSH or hypothyroidism with BPD or SCZ risk. There was no evidence for reverse causality.

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“…Moreover, these disorders have great impact on the quality of life (QoL) of patients, with symptoms including mood disorders, changes in bowel habits, weight and sleep variations and orbital involvement [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AITD can place patients at a higher risk for relevant conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, and infertility ( 4 ). Moreover, these disorders have great impact on the quality of life (QoL) of patients, with symptoms including mood disorders, changes in bowel habits, weight and sleep variations, and orbital involvement ( 5 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey on selenium clinical supplementation in autoimmune thyroid disease

Santos

Bessa

Rocha

et al. 2023

European Thyroid Journal

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Objective: Previous trials show that selenium could be a very useful tool in control and treatment of autoimmune thyroid diseases. In this cross-sectional study, through a survey, we aim to evaluate Portuguese endocrinologists' perception and pattern of prescription of selenium supplements in these diseases and verify its agreement with current guidelines. Methods: The endocrinologists registered in the Portuguese Medical Association were sent an email with a web-based questionnaire, regarding their knowledge and use of selenium supplements in thyroid autoimmune pathology. Results: A total of 105 physicians (33% of the total) submitted the survey. The selenium serum concentration in the general population was unknown to 80% of respondents. Over a third of respondents have never prescribed selenium in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease. However, 89% are not afraid of recommending it, and 61% indicate Graves’ Orbitopathy as the pathology they would supplement. In Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis, 36% of respondents use selenium occasionally or frequently, and this percentage rises to 60% in Graves’ Disease. Conclusions: Although recommendations only encompass mild Graves’ Orbitopathy, selenium is prescribed across the spectrum of autoimmune thyroid diseases, probably due to recent studies that consistently show improvement of biochemical hallmarks in these patients. Further investigation is required on the impact of selenium supplements on primarily clinical outcomes and to identify disorders and/or patients who will benefit the most. Also, there is still insufficient knowledge on this field in the medical community, and evidence-based practice should continue to be promoted by endocrinology societies.

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Thyroid Function and Mood Disorders: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Cited by 34 publications

References 67 publications

The association between bipolar disorder and thyroid dysfunction: a bidirectional two- sample Mendelian randomization study

The association between bipolar disorder and thyroid dysfunction: a bidirectional two- sample Mendelian randomization study

The role of thyroid function in borderline personality disorder and schizophrenia: a Mendelian Randomisation study

Survey on selenium clinical supplementation in autoimmune thyroid disease

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