Thyroid function in patients with selenium deficiency exhibits high free T4          to T3 ratio

Kobayashi, Ryohei; Hasegawa, Mari; Kawaguchi, Chiharu; Ishikawa, Naoko; Tomiwa, Kiyotaka; Shima, Midori; Nogami, Keiji

doi:10.1297/cpe.30.19

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This may be due to the fact that serine plays a pivotal role in the synthesis of selenocysteine ( Figure 10 ), and exogenous serine can affect the synthesis of selenoproteins in the body. It is known that the biological activity of thyroid hormone T3 is much higher than that of T4; plasma T3 is transformed from T4 in tissues by deiodinases, a Se-containing enzyme ( 24 ). Plasma T4 increased with increasing serine concentration in a serine deficient diet; this was not observed in the case of plasma T3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of insufficient serine on health and selenoprotein expression in rats and their offspring

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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ObjectiveTo observe the impact of insufficient exogenous and/or endogenous serine on selenoprotein expression and health of pregnant rats and their offspring.MethodExperiment 1 was conducted in male rats, in which the dose-dependent effects of serine on selenoprotein expression and thyroid hormones (T3, T4 and TSH) were investigated by feeding either a serine adequate diet (20C), serine-deprived diet (20CSD) or 20CSD with different serine levels (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 times the amount of serine in 20C). In experiment 2, a PHGDH inhibitor was administrated to pregnant rats fed either 20C or 20CSD. Blood and organ tissues of pregnant rats and offspring were subjected to the analyses of thyroid hormone, serine and homocysteine and GPx3 and SELENOP in plasma and expression of GPx1 and DIO1, 2 in tissues respectively.ResultIn experiment 1, plasma SELENOP and GPx3 levels in adult male rats increased with the increasing dose of serine. Immunohistochemical results showed that GPx1 expression in liver and kidney of male rats also increased with increasing serine supplementation. Amongst all diet groups, only male rats fed 20CSD had significantly lower plasma TSH and T4 levels (P < 0.05). In experiment 2, GPx1 and DIO2 expression in the liver and kidney were suppressed in pregnant rats administered with a PHGDH compared to those who were not (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in plasma T4 and T3 amongst all diet groups (P > 0.05). Also, offspring born to pregnant rats administered with a PHGDH inhibitor exhibited slower growth rates and hyperhomocysteinemia compared to offspring from mothers not administered with the inhibitor (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Insufficient exogenous serine through the diet decreased selenoprotein synthesis in adult male rats. However, this was not observed in pregnant rats, whereby exogenous or endogenous serine deficiency had no effect on the selenoprotein levels. A possible explanation is that dams may have an adaptive mechanism to limit maternal serine utilization and ensure adequate supply to the fetus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of insufficient serine on health and selenoprotein expression in rats and their offspring

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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“…Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis, but selenozyme deiodinases are also required for T4 to T3 conversion. Selenium supplementation of the elderly diet decreases the concentration of T4, indicating that an increase in deiodinase activity may increase the conversion rate of T4 to T3 [ 86 , 87 ].…”

Section: Trace Elements and Micronutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Compounds and Products from an Anti-Aging Perspective

et al. 2022

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Aging is a very complex process that is accompanied by a degenerative impairment in many of the major functions of the human body over time. This inevitable process is influenced by hereditary factors, lifestyle, and environmental influences such as xenobiotic pollution, infectious agents, UV radiation, diet-borne toxins, and so on. Many external and internal signs and symptoms are related with the aging process and senescence, including skin dryness and wrinkles, atherosclerosis, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, etc. Oxidative stress, a consequence of the imbalance between pro- and antioxidants, is one of the main provoking factors causing aging-related damages and concerns, due to the generation of highly reactive byproducts such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species during the metabolism, which result in cellular damage and apoptosis. Antioxidants can prevent these processes and extend healthy longevity due to the ability to inhibit the formation of free radicals or interrupt their propagation, thereby lowering the level of oxidative stress. This review focuses on supporting the antioxidant system of the organism by balancing the diet through the consumption of the necessary amount of natural ingredients, including vitamins, minerals, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), essential amino acids, probiotics, plants’ fibers, nutritional supplements, polyphenols, some phytoextracts, and drinking water.

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“…Thus, selenium plays a role in antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, redox and immune-cell function as well as in the regulation of thyroid hormone metabolism. Studies have already identified associations between selenium deficiency and increased morbidity and mortality from viral infections, cardiovascular, and thyroid diseases, as well as prostate, gastrointestinal, and breast cancers [14,133,134].…”

Section: Selenium Immune System and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional risk of vitamin D, vitamin C, zinc, and selenium deficiency on risk and clinical outcomes of COVID-19: A narrative review

Pedrosa

Barros

Leite-Lais

2022

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN

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The pathogenicity of the current coronavirus disease shows postulates that optimal status of essential nutrients is crucial in supporting both the early viraemic and later hyperinflammatory phases of COVID-19. Micronutrients such as vitamin C, D, zinc, and selenium play roles in antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antithrombotic, antiviral, and immuno-modulatory functions and are useful in both innate and adaptive immunity. The purpose of this review is to provide a high-level summary of evidence on clinical outcomes associated with nutritional risk of these micronutrients observed in patients with COVID-19. A literature search was performed on PubMed and Google Scholar to obtain findings of crosssectional and experimental studies in humans. The search resulted in a total of 1212 reports including all nutrients, but only 85 were included according to the eligibility criteria. Despite the diversity of studies and the lack of randomized clinical trials and prospective cohorts, there is evidence of the potential protective and therapeutic roles of vitamin C, D, zinc, and selenium in COVID-19. The findings summarized in this review will contribute to guide interventions in clinical practice or in future clinical studies.

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Thyroid function in patients with selenium deficiency exhibits high free T4 to T3 ratio

Cited by 11 publications

References 23 publications

Effects of insufficient serine on health and selenoprotein expression in rats and their offspring

Effects of insufficient serine on health and selenoprotein expression in rats and their offspring

Natural Compounds and Products from an Anti-Aging Perspective

Nutritional risk of vitamin D, vitamin C, zinc, and selenium deficiency on risk and clinical outcomes of COVID-19: A narrative review

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