Thyroid Hormone Levels in Chronic Schizophrenic Patients: Association with Psychopathology

Telo, Sofiela; Bïlgïç, Serkan; Karabulut, Nuran

doi:10.7727/wimj.2015.186

Cited by 10 publications

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“…Li et al [ 28 ] showed a relationship between increased FT4 levels and a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes in both men and women, which is important concerning MetS. A previous study showed signs of subclinical hypothyroidism in patients with chronic schizophrenia [ 25 ], which contributes to an increase in cholesterol and blood pressure [ 40 ]. Associations were found between thyroid dysfunction and cardiovascular risk factors, and the development of MetS [ 41 ], as well as between TSH levels and the presence of MetS in patients with schizophrenia [ 42 ], and similarly in the general population [ 43 ]; therefore, it is necessary to monitor the levels of TSH and THs in patients with schizophrenia as possible risk factors for developing MetS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, insulin resistance is associated with low THs levels in non-diabetic individuals [ 24 ], and changes in body composition can affect THs levels. In general, schizophrenia patients have a lower level of free thyroxine (FT4) than that of healthy persons [ 25 ]. A strong negative correlation between negative symptoms according to the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores and the level of TSH has been also detected [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, schizophrenia patients have a lower level of free thyroxine (FT4) than that of healthy persons [ 25 ]. A strong negative correlation between negative symptoms according to the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores and the level of TSH has been also detected [ 25 ]. Further, changes in THs levels are due to antipsychotic drug usage [ 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body Fat Parameters, Glucose and Lipid Profiles, and Thyroid Hormone Levels in Schizophrenia Patients with or without Metabolic Syndrome

et al. 2020

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In this study, we aim to investigate associations between body fat parameters, glucose and lipid profiles, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyroid hormones (THs) levels in Tomsk-region schizophrenia patients depending upon the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). A total of 156 psychiatric inpatients with schizophrenia who had been treated with antipsychotics for at least six months before entry were studied: 56 with and 100 without MetS. Reference groups consisted of general hospital inpatients with MetS and without schizophrenia (n = 35) and healthy individuals (n = 35). Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann–Whitney U-test, chi-square test, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, multiple regression analyses, and descriptive statistics. Patients with schizophrenia and MetS had significantly higher levels of free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyroxine (FT4) compared to schizophrenia patients without MetS (3.68 [3.25; 5.50] vs. 3.24 [2.81; 3.66], p = 0.0001, and 12.68 [10.73; 15.54] vs. 10.81 [9.76; 12.3], p = 0.0001, in pmol/L, respectively). FT3 maintained an association with MetS (p = 0.0001), sex (p = 0.0001), age (p = 0.022), and high-density lipoproteins (p = 0.033). FT4 maintained an association with MetS (p = 0.0001), sex (p = 0.001), age (p = 0.014), and glucose (p = 0.009). The data obtained showed body fat parameters, glucose and lipid profiles, and THs levels in Western-Siberian schizophrenia patients depending on MetS presence or absence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body Fat Parameters, Glucose and Lipid Profiles, and Thyroid Hormone Levels in Schizophrenia Patients with or without Metabolic Syndrome

et al. 2020

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“…Aside from clear-cut neuroendocrine disorders of the pituitary axes (e.g., hyperthyroidism), which are shown to be high risk factors of psychiatric symptoms (9), subclinical neuroendocrinal hyper-or hypofunctions are also commonly seen in the course of diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia (10,11). Due to the side effects of antipsychotic drugs, cardiac deceases, diabetes or smoking, neuroendocrine diseases have a higher comorbidity in patients with schizophrenia (12), particularly disorders in HPTA and HPAA, which are closely related to the occurrence and development of schizophrenia (13,14).…”

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confidence: 99%

Functional Status of Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Thyroid and Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axes in Hospitalized Schizophrenics in Shanghai

Zhu

Tao

et al. 2020

Front. Psychiatry

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Objective: Neuroendocrine dysfunction is related to the pathogenesis of mental disorders, but conclusions from clinical research lack consistency. We aimed to investigate the neuroendocrinal pathophysiology and its correlation with clinical symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Methods:The present cross-sectional study included 486 inpatients with schizophrenia admitted at a psychiatric hospital in Shanghai within one year, and 154 healthy controls (HC) matched on age and gender. The serum hemoconcentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxine (TT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), and cortisol (COR) were measured via electrochemical luminescence immunoassay. Pathophysiological conversions of neuroendocrine were then associated with gender, age, age at onset, antipsychotic treatment using hierarchical multiple linear regression.Results: When compared to HC, the schizophrenia group showed elevated ACTH and COR levels and decreased TT3 and TT4 levels (p's < 0.05). First-episode patients showed lower TSH and higher FT3 and FT4 (p's < 0.05) compared to recurrent patients. Female patients showed higher TSH and lower TT3, FT3, and ACTH levels (p's < 0.05) compared to males. We observed the area under the curve (AUC) of the predictive model to distinguish between schizophrenia and HC to be 0.737 among total samples and between first-episode and recurrent schizophrenia to be 0.890 among subgroups.Conclusions: Decreased TT3 and TT4 and elevated ACTH and COR levels appear to be associated with schizophrenia symptoms. The chronic recurrent trait of schizophrenia Frontiers in Psychiatry | www.frontiersin.org

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“… 25 Studies have suggested that an increased rate of subclinical hypothyroidism in patients with schizophrenia is associated with antipsychotic medication and that subclinical hypothyroidism may be associated with sexual dysfunction. 26 , 27 Nevertheless, there has been inconsistency between studies regarding thyroid hormone changes in patients with schizophrenia. For example, one report concluded that drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia had a higher free triiodothyronine (FT3) level than healthy controls, 28 while another investigation described a higher free thyroxine (FT4) level in patients with schizophrenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of C-Reactive Protein, Free Triiodothyronine, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and Creatinine Levels with Agitation in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Shi

et al. 2021

NDT

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Purpose Agitation is prevalent among inpatients with schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether biochemical parameters are associated with agitation in schizophrenia. Patients and Methods Agitation was evaluated by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-Excited Component questionnaire (PANSS-EC). Fasting serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), uric acid (UA), creatinine, glucose and lipids were measured. Results The analysis included 154 inpatients with schizophrenia (71 with agitation, 83 without agitation) and 75 healthy control subjects. Patients with schizophrenia and agitation had higher serum levels of CRP, FT3, FT4 and UA as well as lower levels of serum TSH and creatinine than patients without agitation (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that serum CRP (odds ratio [OR] = 1.470, P = 0.001), FT3 (OR = 13.026, P < 0.001), TSH (OR = 0.758, P = 0.033) and creatinine (OR = 0.965, P = 0.004) were significantly associated with agitation in schizophrenia. CRP, FT3, TSH and creatinine achieved an area under the ROC curve of 0.626, 0.728, 0.620 and 0.663 respectively in discriminating schizophrenia with or without agitation. Conclusion Increased serum CRP and FT3 levels and decreased serum TSH and creatinine levels are independent risk factors for agitation in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. Inflammation, thyroid hormones and renal function may be involved in the pathogenesis of agitation in schizophrenia.

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Thyroid Hormone Levels in Chronic Schizophrenic Patients: Association with Psychopathology

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Body Fat Parameters, Glucose and Lipid Profiles, and Thyroid Hormone Levels in Schizophrenia Patients with or without Metabolic Syndrome

Body Fat Parameters, Glucose and Lipid Profiles, and Thyroid Hormone Levels in Schizophrenia Patients with or without Metabolic Syndrome

Functional Status of Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Thyroid and Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axes in Hospitalized Schizophrenics in Shanghai

Associations of C-Reactive Protein, Free Triiodothyronine, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and Creatinine Levels with Agitation in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

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