Thyroid hormones in insulin requiring diabetes before and after treatment

Saunders, Jimmy; Hall, Susan; Sönksen, Peter H.

doi:10.1007/bf01219324

Cited by 83 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The present study also demonstrates the decreases in blood thyroid hormone levels in children with newly diagnosed IDD. This is in agreement with previous reports that circulating thyroid hormone levels, particularly T3 levels, are low in diabetic patients with metabolic derangement (Saunders et al 1978). It may be of interest to note that the basal and TRH-induced TSH secretions were within normal ranges in children with newly diagnosed IDD and none of them did exhibit the high TSH response to TRH, despite the decreases of circulating thyroid hormone levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Plasma prolactin response to thyrotropin releasing hormone in children with newly diagnosed insulin dependent diabetes.

Abe

Matsuura

Fukushima

et al. 1983

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Plasma prolactin response to thyrotropin releasing hormone in children with newly diagnosed insulin dependent diabetes.

Abe

Matsuura

Fukushima

et al. 1983

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…In fact, low levels of triiodothyronine (T3) have been observed in diabetic patients with keto acidosis [1][2][3] as well as in severely [4] and long-term hyperglycaemic diabetics [5]. Low levels of thyroxine (T4) have been reported in ketotic diabetics [6] but rarely in non-ketotic ones [5,7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum TSH, T4, T3, FT4, FT3, rT3, and TBG in Youngsters with Non-Ketotic Insulin-Dependent Diabetes mellitus

Bernasconi

Vanelli

et al. 1984

Horm Res

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Several parameters of thyroid function were studied in 112 non-ketoacidotic youngsters with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Levels of thyroxine (T₄), reverse triiodothyronine (rT₃), thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) and T₃ were lower than in controls, whereas FT₄, and FT₃ were normal. T₄ levels in IDDM patients were positively related to T₃, rT₃ and TBG, and inversely related to haemoglobin Ai (HbA₁. However, only 4 patients showed biochemical hypothyroidism (T₄ < 5 µg/100 ml), whereas their FT₄, FT₃and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were normal. Concurrent variations of T3 and rT₃ levels were found in IDDM patients; thus, their T₃/rT₃ ratios were stable or higher than in controls, indicating that peripheral deiodination of T₄ is preferentially oriented to production of rT₃ only during ketoacidosis. Although changes in thyroid function may reflect the degree of metabolic control of diabetes in a large population, the clinical usefulness of serum thyroid hormone measurements in an individual case still appears to be limited.

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“…T 3 has been shown to stimulate FAS gene in 3T3-L1 adipocytes [36] and the expression of several lipogenic enzymes in chick embryo or rat hepatocytes [37,38]. Diabetes may be associated with low thyroid hormone levels [39] and a frank hypothyroidism is usually present in the streptozotocin-diabetic rat [40]. T 3 injection to diabetic rats strongly increased mRNA and activity of ACC and FAS in liver, this effect being more pronounced than in normal rats [32,33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue-specific correction of lipogenic enzyme gene expression in diabetic rats given vanadate

Brichard¹,

Ongemba²,

Girard³

et al. 1994

Diabetologia

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SummaryVanadium is a potent insulinomimetic agent. In vivo, its blood glucose lowering action in insulin-deficient diabetic rats is associated with corrected expression of genes involved in hepatic glucose metabolism. In this study, we investigated whether vanadate treatment also reverses the impaired expression of genes coding for key enzymes of lipogenesis in diabetic liver and white adipose tissue. Oral administration of vanadate to streptozotocin-rats caused a 55 % fall in plasma glucose levels after feeding without modifying low insulinaemia. It also partially corrected the low thyroid hormone concentrations. In untreated diabetic animals, hepatic mRNA levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase were reduced by more than 80 and 90 %, respectively, in close correlation with changes in enzyme activities. Three weeks of vanadate treatment totally restored acetyl-CoA carboxylase mRNA and partially restored fatty acid synthase mRNA (71% of control levels). The activities of both lipogenic enzymes were increased 3.5 to 4-fold, to reach 45 to 65 % of control values. By contrast, in white adipose tissue, vanadate modified neither expression nor activity of both lipogenic enzymes, which remained blunted (< 10 % of control levels). In conclusion, vanadate treatment partially restores the activities of two key lipogenic enzymes in liver, but not in white adipose tissue, of diabetic rats. This correction results from a reversal of impaired pre-translational regulatory mechanisms possibly mediated by an improvement of thyroid function and a selective restoration of liver glycolytic flux. [Diabetologia (1994[Diabetologia ( ) 37:1065[Diabetologia ( -1072

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Thyroid hormones in insulin requiring diabetes before and after treatment

Cited by 83 publications

References 12 publications

Plasma prolactin response to thyrotropin releasing hormone in children with newly diagnosed insulin dependent diabetes.

Plasma prolactin response to thyrotropin releasing hormone in children with newly diagnosed insulin dependent diabetes.

Serum TSH, T<sub>4</sub>, T<sub>3</sub>, FT<sub>4</sub>, FT<sub>3</sub>, rT<sub>3</sub>, and TBG in Youngsters with Non-Ketotic Insulin-Dependent Diabetes mellitus

Tissue-specific correction of lipogenic enzyme gene expression in diabetic rats given vanadate

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