Thyroid hormones in the pathogenesis and treatment of obesity

Krotkiewski, M

doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(02)01420-6

Cited by 119 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…In morbidly obese patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, bariatric surgery led to changes in obesity-related adipokines believed to influence the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones. 9,19 However, in a recent study from our laboratory, 10 the direct relationship between 24-h mean concentrations of TSH and leptin in euthyroid obese patients was lost after adjusting for fat mass, suggesting that other mechanisms modulate TSH concentrations in morbidly obese patients. Another explanation is that the thyroid hormone profile of the obese individuals reflects pituitary resistance to thyroid hormones, with a variable degree of secondary impairment of thyroid hormone peripheral metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…On the other hand, this study is one of the few investigations that have unequivocally shown that weight loss leads to a reduction in both TSH and FT 3 levels. 9,10,19,20 Several explanations have been proposed to account for the influence of obesity on thyroid hormones. One suggests that the increased TSH level could reflect pituitary adaptation to increased adiposity through adipokines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another explanation is that the thyroid hormone profile of the obese individuals reflects pituitary resistance to thyroid hormones, with a variable degree of secondary impairment of thyroid hormone peripheral metabolism. 19 It has also been suggested that the impaired control of TSH release by thyroid hormones in obesity may represent an adaptive thermogenic phenomenon. Finally, it is possible that obesity leads to a state of TSH and thyroid hormone resistance in peripheral tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression of thyrotropin and thyroid hormone receptors in adipose tissue of patients with morbid obesity and/or type 2 diabetes: effects of weight loss

et al. 2009

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Objective: Increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and FT 3 levels are often found in clinically euthyroid obese individuals. Information on thyroid gene expression in human adipose tissue is scarce. The objective of this study was to measure the expression of the TSH receptor (TSHR) and the thyroid hormone receptor (TRa1) genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in obese individuals and to test the effect of weight loss on these genes. Study Design and Participants: This study is a prospective study involving 107 obese (body mass index (BMI) ¼ 46±8 kg m À2 , 52 with type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance) and 12 lean nondiabetic participants. A total of 27 obese patients were restudied 1 year after gastric bypass surgery. Total RNA was extracted from SAT and VAT obtained at baseline from all participants, and from SAT in obese patients post surgery. Results: Circulating TSH and FT 3 levels were 170 and 36%, respectively, higher in obese patients than in controls. In SAT, TSHR and TRa1 were reduced in the obese by 67 and 33%, respectively, regardless of glucose tolerance. A similar trend was found in VAT. Post surgery, a BMI decrease of 33% was associated with a decrease in TSH and FT 3 levels and with a 150 and 70% increase in SAT of TSHR and TRa1, respectively. Conclusion: In both subcutaneous and visceral fat, the thyroid gene expression (especially TSHR) is reduced in obesity. The reversal of these changes with major weight loss and the reciprocal changes in plasma TSH and FT 3 levels suggest a role for adipocytes in the regulation of TSH and thyroid hormones.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression of thyrotropin and thyroid hormone receptors in adipose tissue of patients with morbid obesity and/or type 2 diabetes: effects of weight loss

et al. 2009

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“…Thyroid hormones have a profound on energy homeostasis, lipid and glucose metabolism and BP 10,11 . Thyroid hormones also have influence on various aspects of lipid metabolism including synthesis, mobilization and degradation 12 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered thyroid profile in metabolic syndrome

Azam¹,

Shukla²,

Ahmad³

et al. 2014

Int Jour of Biomed Res

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“…The metabolic effects of the TH result from the binding of T 3 to specific nuclear receptors (THR) (Oetting and Yen, 2007). Excess or deficiency of TH leads to malfunctioning of the cardiovascular (Biondi and Klein, 2004), nervous (Ahmed et al, 2008) and endocrine (Mastorakos et al, 2007) systems, white and brown adipose tissues (Yen, 2001), or bones (Lakatos, 2003), and in consequence, to the impairment of homeostasis manifesting as obesity (Krotkiewski, 2002), metabolic syndrome (Lin et al, 2005), diabetes (Alrefai et al, 2002) and/or atherosclerosis (Biondi and Klein, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary fat type and level affect thyroid hormone plasma concentrations in rats

Lachowicz¹,

Koszela-Piotrowska²,

Rosołowska-Huszcz³

2009

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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The objective of the study was to examine the effect of dietary fat source and level on plasma thyroid hormone concentrations. For three weeks, male Wistar rats (n=54) were fed diets containing fats differing in fatty acid (FA) composition: sunflower oil predominantly containing polyunsaturated n-6 FA, group S; rich in monounsaturated FA rape seed oil, group R; and saturated FA palm oil, group P; at three levels (w/w): 5% LF, 10% MF, and 20% HF. Total thyroxine levels were higher in group P than R on the LF and MF diets. The free thyroxine concentration in rats on the LF diet was higher in group R than in S and P; on the MF diet, higher in group R and P than S; and on the HF diet, higher in group P than S. Triiodothyronine levels were influenced by fat composition only in rats fed the HF diet, being lower in group S than P. The results of this study suggest that diets differing with respect to fat type and level might have opposite effects on thyroid hormone values.

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Thyroid hormones in the pathogenesis and treatment of obesity

Cited by 119 publications

References 84 publications

Expression of thyrotropin and thyroid hormone receptors in adipose tissue of patients with morbid obesity and/or type 2 diabetes: effects of weight loss

Expression of thyrotropin and thyroid hormone receptors in adipose tissue of patients with morbid obesity and/or type 2 diabetes: effects of weight loss

Altered thyroid profile in metabolic syndrome

Dietary fat type and level affect thyroid hormone plasma concentrations in rats

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