Thyroid status and the levels of thyroid auto-antibodies in the sera of hyperthyroid and goitrous subjects

Chinyanga, E.A.; Benni, Alessandra; Siziya, S

doi:10.4314/cajm.v46i9.8565

Cited by 3 publications

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“…The higher prevalence of elevated TPOAb in hyperthyroid subjects in this study could be due to the fact that about half of these patients had Graves' disease clinically. All subjects with hypothyroid goitre had elevated TPOAb and this result is comparable to the findings of Chaieb et al 29 The prevalence of TPOAb observed in this study is higher than previously reported in Africans 12,28,30 and this may reflect an increase in the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disorders.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…26 Elevated TgAb was found in 36.8% of the subjects with hyperthyroidism, 50% of subjects with hypothyroidism and 15.8% of subjects with euthyroid goitre. Chiyanga et al 12 and Kuria and Amayo 26 also found a comparable prevalence of 39% and 33% respectively in subjects with thyrotoxicosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In this study, TPOAb was elevated in 76.7% of subjects with hyperthyroid goitre. Chiyanga et al 12 and Hawa et al, 28 however, reported a lower prevalence of 39% and 44% respectively in subjects with hyperthyroidism. The higher prevalence of elevated TPOAb in hyperthyroid subjects in this study could be due to the fact that about half of these patients had Graves' disease clinically.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies found by Okosieme et al 10 was higher than that reported in previous studies in Africans. 11,12 This may be due to the use of agglutination method in previous studies, a less sensitive method compared with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which was used by Okosieme et al…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and clinical relevance of thyroid autoantibodies in patients with goitre in Nigeria

Ojo

Ikem

et al. 2019

Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Afri

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Background: Thyroid autoimmunity was thought to be rare in Africans but there is evidence that its prevalence is increasing. Since undetected autoimmune thyroid disease carries considerable morbidity, this study set out to determine the proportion of patients with goitre who have thyroid autoantibodies and the relationship, if any, between the presence of thyroid autoantibodies, thyroid function and thyroid size. Methods: The study was cross-sectional and conducted over a 12-month period. It involved 100 subjects with goitre and 50 apparently healthy controls without goitre, matched for age and sex. Thyroid dysfunction was assessed by history, clinical examination and biochemical tests, thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin antibodies. The size of the thyroid gland was assessed by ultrasound. Results: Fifty-seven percent (57%) of study subjects were euthyroid, 38% were hyperthyroid, while 2% were hypothyroid. The overall prevalence of elevated thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) in the subjects with goitre was 35% and 8% in the controls (p < 0.001). Elevated thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) was found in 24% of subjects with goitre and 12% of controls (p = 0.083). Elevated TPOAb was found in 76.3% of subjects who were hyperthyroid, 7% of subjects who were euthyroid and 100% of subjects who were hypothyroid (p < 0.001). Elevated TgAb level was present in 36.8%, 15.8% and 50% of subjects with hyperthyroid, euthyroid and hypothyroid goitre respectively (p = 0.068). A positive correlation was observed between TPOAb and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r = 0.582, p < 0.001) and TgAb and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r = 0.176, p = 0.08). The correlation between TPOAb and thyroid volume (r = -0.139, p = 0.167) and that of TgAb and thyroid volume (r = -0.119, p = 0.238) was not significant. Conclusion:The prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies in patients with goitre is high in Nigeria. Thyroid peroxidase antibody is more prevalent than thyroglobulin antibody in thyroid disorders and appears to be a better marker than thyroglobulin antibody in detecting autoimmune thyroid dysfunction.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Prevalence and clinical relevance of thyroid autoantibodies in patients with goitre in Nigeria

Ojo

Ikem

et al. 2019

Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Afri

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“…[11,12] Few studies have evaluated thyroid-antibody status in healthy African patients. [13][14][15][16][17][18] It is, however, known that thyroid-antibody levels decline progressively during pregnancy in healthy women without a thyroid disorder. [19] This is the result of the immune-privileged state.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Retrospective Analysis of Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto, South Africa

et al. 2017

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RESEARCHBackground. Thyroid diseases in pregnancy are associated with adverse outcomes for both mother and fetus. No studies have been reported examining the spectrum and nature of such disorders in the black population of South Africa. Objective. To examine thyroid disorders in pregnancy at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital in Johannesburg, Soweto, by assessing the causes, management and outcomes. Methods. A retrospective review of thyroid disorders was undertaken in 88 patients attending the Antenatal Endocrine Clinic over a 4-year period. All underwent initial and follow-up clinical and biochemical assessments. Maternal delivery records and thyroid-function tests of the neonates ≥48 hours after delivery were reviewed. Results. A total of 58 pregnant women (66%) were hyperthyroid, 23 (26%) hypothyroid and 7 (8%) had euthyroid colloid goitres. Fortyeight (83%) hyperthyroid patients had Graves' disease, while 9 (16%) had gestational hyperthyroidism. Regarding the hypothyroid patients, more than half followed I131 ablation for Graves' disease. Overall, 87% of the hyperthyroid and 83% of the hypothyroid patients were euthyroid prior to delivery. One fatal maternal outcome, the result of uterine rupture, and six intra-partum fetal losses occurred. Amongst neonates, there was one case of a tracheo-oesophageal fistula and one of neonatal thyrotoxicosis. Conclusion. This is the first report in sub-Saharan Africa detailing thyroid diseases in pregnancy. Our findings add valuable epidemiological information to the paucity of data that has previously existed for thyroid disease in pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa. S Afr J Obstet Gynaecol Corresponding author: V Nicolaou (docvic9@gmail.com)Over the past two decades, there have been several studies examining thyroid disorders in pregnancy, but none in South Africa. [1,2] The prevalence of hyperthyroidism is 0.1 -0.4% of all pregnancies in developed nations, with Graves' disease (GD) accounting for the majority of cases (85%). Hypothyroidism is estimated to occur in 2.3 -3.5% of pregnancies, of which overt hypothyroidism accounts for 0.3 -0.5%, and subclinical hypothyroidism for 2 -3% in iodinesufficient areas. [1,3] Data from a 2001 study demonstrated that more than one-third of South Africans are still iodine deficient, with endemic goiter being the most prevalent thyroid disorder. [4] The importance of thyroid disease in pregnancy is determined by the potential adverse outcomes of untreated disease for both mother and fetus. [5,6] While the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment are similar to those in the non-pregnant state, pregnancy poses its own unique challenges.Our study was carried out at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital (CHBAH), Soweto, which is the largest hospital in Africa and serves a largely black population. We describe the underlying causes, management, control and outcomes of thyroid diseases in pregnancy. Methods Study populationWe reviewed 88 patients with a thyroid disorder who attended our Antenatal Endocrine Clinic from January 2004 to Ap...

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Prevalence of thyroid antibodies in Nigerian patients

Okosieme

Taylor

Ohwovoriole

et al. 2006

QJM

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Thyroid status and the levels of thyroid auto-antibodies in the sera of hyperthyroid and goitrous subjects

Cited by 3 publications

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Prevalence and clinical relevance of thyroid autoantibodies in patients with goitre in Nigeria

Prevalence and clinical relevance of thyroid autoantibodies in patients with goitre in Nigeria

A Retrospective Analysis of Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto, South Africa

Prevalence of thyroid antibodies in Nigerian patients

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