THz conductivities of indium-tin-oxide nanowhiskers as a graded-refractive-index structure

Yang, C. C.; Chang, Che‐Wei; Lin, Mao-Hsiang; Yu, Peichen; Wada, Osamu; Pan, Ci‐Ling

doi:10.1364/oe.20.00a441

Cited by 30 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The fabrication of highly porous and/or sculptured ITO thin films has been attempted by e-beam OAD from ITO pellets, both under high vacuum conditions [316][317][318][319][320][321][322][323][324][325][326][327] and in a carrier gas flux (usually nitrogen) [320,[328][329][330]. Fig.…”

Section: Transparent Conductive Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These have included axial resistivity measurements by a cross-bridge Kelvin system [321], terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) [325], or combinations of experimental and theoretical studies [324]. These, and other investigations, relating the OAD microstructure of ITO nanopillars to the deposition parameters [317] (Fig.…”

Section: Electronic and Photonic Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspectives on oblique angle deposition of thin films: From fundamentals to devices

Barranco

Borrás

González‐Elipe

et al. 2016

Progress in Materials Science

618

436

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a b s t r a c tThe oblique angle configuration has emerged as an invaluable tool for the deposition of nanostructured thin films. This review develops an up to date description of its principles, including the atomistic mechanisms governing film growth and nanostructuration possibilities, as well as a comprehensive description of the applications benefiting from its incorporation in actual devices. In contrast with other reviews on the subject, the electron beam assisted evaporation technique is analyzed along with other methods operating at oblique angles, including, among others, magnetron sputtering and pulsed laser or ion beam-assisted deposition techniques. To account for the existing differences between deposition in vacuum or in the presence of a plasma, mechanistic simulations are critically revised, discussing well-established paradigms such as the tangent or cosine rules, and proposing new models that explain the growth of tilted porous nanostructures. In the second part, we present an extensive description of applications wherein oblique-angle-deposited thin films are of relevance. From there, we proceed by considering the requirements of a large number of functional devices in which these films are currently being utilized (e.g., solar cells, Li batteries, electrochromic glasses, biomaterials, sensors, etc.), and subsequently describe how and why these nanostructured materials meet with these needs.

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Section: Transparent Conductive Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electronic and Photonic Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on oblique angle deposition of thin films: From fundamentals to devices

Barranco

Borrás

González‐Elipe

et al. 2016

Progress in Materials Science

618

436

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…23,29,[34][35][36]39,71,73,76 Alternatively, the Drude-Smith model has also been used as an EMT in its own right and fit directly to the measured THz conductivity. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]21,22,[25][26][27]30,31,33,38,[41][42][43][44][45]48 Each approach begins with a different physical process and leads to its own difficulties when one interprets the subsequent fits to the data.…”

Section: −48mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic origin of the Drude-Smith model

et al. 2017

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The Drude-Smith model has been used extensively in fitting the THz conductivities of nanomaterials with carrier confinement on the mesoscopic scale. Here, we show that the conventional 'backscattering' explanation for the suppression of low-frequency conductivities in the Drude-Smith model is not consistent with a confined Drude gas of classical non-interacting electrons and we derive a modified Drude-Smith conductivity formula based on a diffusive restoring current. We perform Monte Carlo simulations of a model system and show that the modified Drude-Smith model reproduces the extracted conductivities without free parameters. This alternate route to the DrudeSmith model provides the popular formula with a more solid physical foundation and well-defined fit parameters.

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“…The translation stage scans the THz wave with 5 μm and total of 1024 steps. An antenna-based THz-TDS, as described in our previous works [2,14,15], was also employed. The spectroscopic characteristics of both systems are illustrated in Figure 2.…”

Section: Broadband Thz Time-domain Spectroscopy (Thz-tds)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By substituting Eqs. (14) and (15) into Eq. (18), the complex conductivity's real and imaginary parts can be determined:…”

Section: Terahertz Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured Indium Tin Oxides and Other Transparent Conducting Oxides: Characteristics and Applications in the THz Frequency Range

Pan¹,

Yang²,

Pan³

et al. 2017

Terahertz Spectroscopy - A Cutting Edge Technology

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Transparent conductors are essential for optoelectronic components operating in the farinfrared or terahertz (THz) frequency range. Indium tin oxide (ITO), extensively used in the visible, is semi-transparent in the far-infrared frequency range. Other types of bulk transparent conducting oxides (TCOs), such as aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) and aluminum and ytterbium-doped zinc oxide (AYZO), have not yet been explored for THz applications. Recently, biomimic nanomaterials have been shown to exhibit exotic optical properties, e.g., broadband, omnidirectional antireflective properties. Indeed, nanostructured ITO was found to exhibit the above desirable characteristics. In this chapter, we describe the fabrication and characterization of several TCOs, including ITO nanomaterials and several types of bulk TCO thin films, e.g., AZO and AYZO. Performance of THz phase shifters with ITO nanomaterials as transparent electrodes and liquid crystals for functionalities is presented.

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THz conductivities of indium-tin-oxide nanowhiskers as a graded-refractive-index structure

Cited by 30 publications

References 39 publications

Perspectives on oblique angle deposition of thin films: From fundamentals to devices

Perspectives on oblique angle deposition of thin films: From fundamentals to devices

Microscopic origin of the Drude-Smith model

Nanostructured Indium Tin Oxides and Other Transparent Conducting Oxides: Characteristics and Applications in the THz Frequency Range

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