Ti and Ti‐6Al‐4V Coatings by Cold Spraying and Microstructure Modification by Heat Treatment

Li, Wenya; Zhang, Chao; Guo, Xueping; Xu, Jiahao; Li, Chang‐Jiu; Liao, Hanlin; Coddet, Christian; Khor, K.A.

doi:10.1002/adem.200700022

Cited by 93 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…9b) that were produced as the splat was de-bonded from the substrate. The dimples are indicative of a ductile fracture in Ti and Ti6Al4V (Ref [33][34][35][36]) and point to a metallurgical bonding in that region. At the center of the ring, a crater formation was observed.…”

Section: Splat Shearing Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Deposition Conditions on Adhesion Strength of Ti and Ti6Al4V Cold Spray Splats

et al. 2011

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Cold spray is a complex process where many parameters have to be considered in order to achieve optimized material deposition and properties. In the cold spray process, deposition velocity influences the degree of material deformation and material adhesion. While most materials can be easily deposited at relatively low deposition velocity (<700 m/s), this is not the case for high yield strength materials like Ti and its alloys. In the present study, we evaluate the effects of deposition velocity, powder size, particle position in the gas jet, gas temperature, and substrate temperature on the adhesion strength of cold spayed Ti and Ti6Al4V splats. A micromechanical test technique was used to shear individual splats of Ti or Ti6Al4V and measure their adhesion strength. The splats were deposited onto Ti or Ti6Al4V substrates over a range of deposition conditions with either nitrogen or helium as the propelling gas. The splat adhesion testing coupled with microstructural characterization was used to define the strength, the type and the continuity of the bonded interface between splat and substrate material. The results demonstrated that optimization of spray conditions makes it possible to obtain splats with continuous bonding along the splat/substrate interface and measured adhesion strengths approaching the shear strength of bulk material. The parameters shown to improve the splat adhesion included the increase of the splat deposition velocity well above the critical deposition velocity of the tested material, increase in the temperature of both powder and the substrate material, decrease in the powder size, and optimization of the flow dynamics for the cold spray gun nozzle. Through comparisons to the literature, the adhesion strength of Ti splats measured with the splat adhesion technique correlated well with the cohesion strength of Ti coatings deposited under similar conditions and measured with tubular coating tensile (TCT) test.

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Section: Splat Shearing Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Deposition Conditions on Adhesion Strength of Ti and Ti6Al4V Cold Spray Splats

et al. 2011

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“…The metal powders range in particle size from 5 ∼ 50 m and are accelerated by a high-velocity jet stream that is generated through the expansion of a pressurized, preheated nitrogen or air in a vonverging-diverging nozzle to exceed critical plastic deformation velocity [13,14]. Currently, cold spray is mainly employed to deposit relatively soft, heat sensitive and oxidation sensitive materials such as Al, Cu, Ti, 316, Ni25, and amorphous material, WC-Co, Ni-diamond and so on [15][16][17][18][19][20][21], but it is difficult to deposit high hardness particles such as Stellite 6, Ni60, diamond, WC and metal ceramic material, etc., by cold spray [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial effects of laser irradiation on the deposition process of diamond/Ni60 composite coating with cold spray

Yao

Yang

et al. 2015

Applied Surface Science

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“…Such compressed gases are usually air, nitrogen (N 2 ), or helium (He). Current research has demonstrated that higher particle impact velocity enhances the overall quality of Ti cold sprayed coatings, although the velocity required for fully dense titanium coatings using nitrogen as the propelling gas has not been reported yet (Ref 1,(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28). The general approach to attain superior velocity when using nitrogen as the propelling gas is to increase its temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Helium and Nitrogen Gases on the Properties of Cold Gas Dynamic Sprayed Pure Titanium Coatings

et al. 2010

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This study investigates the effect of propellant gas, helium, and nitrogen during cold spraying of titanium coatings. Coatings were characterized by SEM and were evaluated for their deposition efficiency (DE), microhardness, and porosity. In selected conditions, three particle velocities were investigated in which for each condition, the propelling gasesÕ temperature and pressure were attuned to attain similar particle velocities for each gas. Observations show that loosely bonded particles can be detached by high-pressure supersonic gas stream. Selected coatings were characterized by XPS to analyze the occurrence of oxidation and nitridation. Although generally accepted that coating characteristics can be affected by particle temperature, results show that for the same particle velocity, DE and coating density are also a function of substrate temperature. In addition, a thick and fully dense cold sprayed titanium coating was achieved with optimized spray parameters and nozzle using helium. The corresponding average particle velocity was 1173 m/s.

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Ti and Ti‐6Al‐4V Coatings by Cold Spraying and Microstructure Modification by Heat Treatment

Cited by 93 publications

References 16 publications

The Effect of Deposition Conditions on Adhesion Strength of Ti and Ti6Al4V Cold Spray Splats

The Effect of Deposition Conditions on Adhesion Strength of Ti and Ti6Al4V Cold Spray Splats

Beneficial effects of laser irradiation on the deposition process of diamond/Ni60 composite coating with cold spray

Influence of Helium and Nitrogen Gases on the Properties of Cold Gas Dynamic Sprayed Pure Titanium Coatings

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