Ti6Ta4Sn Alloy and Subsequent Scaffolding for Bone Tissue Engineering

Abstract

Porous titanium (Ti) and titanium alloys are promising scaffold biomaterials for bone tissue engineering, because they have the potential to provide new bone tissue ingrowth abilities and low elastic modulus to match that of natural bone. In the present study, a new highly porous Ti6Ta4Sn alloy scaffold with the addition of biocompatible alloying elements (tantalum (Ta) and tin (Sn)) was prepared using a space-holder sintering method. The strength of the Ti6Ta4Sn scaffold with a porosity of 75% was found to be significantly higher than that of a pure Ti scaffold with the same porosity. The elastic modulus of the porous alloy can be customized to match that of human bone by adjusting its porosity. In addition, the porous Ti6Ta4Sn alloy exhibited an interconnected porous structure, which enabled the ingrowth of new bone tissues. Cell culture results revealed that human SaOS(2) osteoblast-like cells grew and spread well on the surfaces of the solid alloy, and throughout the porous scaffold. The surface roughness of the alloy showed a significant effect on the cell behavior, and the optimum surface roughness range for the adhesion of the SaOS(2) cell on the alloy was 0.15 to 0.35 mum. The present study illustrated the feasibility of using the porous Ti6Ta4Sn alloy scaffold as an orthopedic implant material with a special emphasis on its excellent biomechanical properties and in vitro biocompatibility with a high preference by osteoblast-like cells.

Development of Ti–Nb–Zr alloys with high elastic admissible strain for temporary orthopedic devices

“…54 Orthopedic biomaterials are implanted into human bodies in order 55 to heal bone tissue diseases developed due to aging, various con-56 genital defects in bone tissue, injuries to bone tissue and joints 57 from traffic and sports accidents [2,3]. 58 With the increasing utilization of orthopedic implant materials, 59 if biologically and mechanically compatible materials are not used 60 for implants, it is inevitable that the number of revision surgeries 61 will increase [4]. Genotoxic, cytotoxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, 62 allergenic, neurological effects are taken into account while 63 evaluating the biological compatibility of an implant material [5].…”

“…4). 383 It is worth noting that the compressive yield strength of the TNZ 384 alloys is about 4 times greater than the compressive yield strength is similar to that of bone tissue [61,71]. Even though the design of 390 foam material takes bone ingrowth into consideration [72], the use 391 of such materials, especially for orthopedic implants carrying high 392 loads, is still uncommon due to the fact that metal foams possess parts [73].…”

“…The disk shaped TNZ and Cp-Ti specimens were 307 put into the wells of the cell culture plate. At a density of 5 Â 10 3 308 cells per well (Barwon Biomedical Research, Geelong Hospital, 309Victoria, Australia) were seeded onto the surface of the samples.310 In order to determine the in vitro proliferation of cells, MTS 311 assay was used[60,61]. The cell morphology was observed by…”

Nanohydroxyapatite coating on a titanium–niobium alloy by a hydrothermal process

“…TiNb alloy samples were prepared by powder metallurgy [27][28][29]. Commercially available elemental metal powders of Ti (purity 99.7%, particle size 325 mesh) and Nb (purity 99.8%, particle size 325 mesh) were used as starting materials.…”

Surface roughness-controlled superelastic hysteresis in shape memory microwires

“…These include studies on fatigue [5], corrosion [6], surface chemistry [7], and due to the use of shape memory materials in medical devices, interactions with cells [8,9].…”