Tibet plateau probiotic mitigates chromate toxicity in mice by alleviating oxidative stress in gut microbiota

Abstract

Heavy metal contamination in food endangers human health. Probiotics can protect animals and human against heavy metals, but the detoxification mechanism has not been fully clarified. Here, mice were supplemented with Pediococcus acidilactici strain BT36 isolated from Tibetan plateau yogurt, with strong antioxidant activity but no chromate reduction ability for 20 days to ensure gut colonization. Strain BT36 decreased chromate accumulation, reduced oxidative stress, and attenuated histological damage in the liver of mice. 16S rRNA and metatranscriptome sequencing analysis of fecal microbiota showed that BT36 reversed Cr (VI)-induced changes in gut microbial composition and metabolic activity. Specifically, BT36 recovered the expressions of 788 genes, including 34 inherent Cr remediation-relevant genes. Functional analysis of 10 unannotated genes regulated by BT36 suggested the existence of a new Cr(VI)-reduction gene in the gut microbiota. Thus, BT36 can modulate the gut microbiota in response to Cr(VI) induced oxidative stress and protect against Cr toxicity.

Disentangling the relative roles of vertical transmission, subsequent colonizations and diet on cockroach microbiome assembly

“…5C; 6). This flexibility is likely pivotal for the ability to track environmental changes and optimize nutrient intake or toxin degradation that maximize host fitness (3,14,15). This is in line with ample evidence for animals filtering their microbial community through exposure to different environments (31,64), including via social interaction in insects (65,66) and primates (23,67,68) or more intricate mechanisms such as coprophagy in wood-feeding cockroaches (24) and trophallaxis in social insects (24,(69)(70)(71)(72).…”

“…When hosts traits select for specific microbial functions, these can be considered the extended phenotype of the host (9)(10)(11)(12). Selection should optimally involve getting a microbiota that is both flexible (i.e., containing environment-specific strains that are likely to enable degradation of environment-specific nutrients and toxins) and consistent (i.e., similar under a defined set of circumstances) rather than subject to random fluctuations (3,(13)(14)(15).…”

Disentangling the Relative Roles of Vertical Transmission, Subsequent Colonizations, and Diet on Cockroach Microbiome Assembly

“…7 ). This flexibility is likely pivotal for the ability to track environmental changes and optimize nutrient intake or toxin degradation that maximizes host fitness ( 3 , 14 , 15 ). This is in line with ample evidence for animals filtering their microbial community through exposure to different environments ( 37 , 71 ), including via social interaction in insects ( 72 , 73 ) and primates ( 29 , 74 , 75 ) or more intricate mechanisms such as coprophagy in wood-feeding cockroaches ( 30 ) and trophallaxis in social insects ( 30 , 76 – 79 ).…”

“…When host traits select for specific microbial functions, these can be considered the extended phenotype of the host ( 9 – 12 ). Thus, selection should optimally lead to a microbiota that is both functionally flexible (i.e., able to incorporate environment-specific strains that are likely to enable degradation of environment-specific nutrients and toxins) and functionally consistent (i.e., similar under a defined set of circumstances, leading to a reproducible microbiome assembly) rather than be subject to random fluctuations ( 3 , 13 – 15 ). Along those lines, the Anna Karenina principle states that healthy microbiomes are more similar to each other than microbiomes under a range of perturbations ( 16 , 17 ), a paradigm we will use to understand microbiome assembly reproducibility.…”

Assessment of In Vitro and In Vivo Bioremediation Potentials of Orally Supplemented Free and Microencapsulated Lactobacillus acidophilus KLDS Strains to Mitigate the Chronic Lead Toxicity

“…Altered biochemical and physiological characteristics, and oxidative stress are the concerned mechanisms of heavy metal toxicity in humans ( Nicolás-Méndez et al, 2020 ). According to the recent epidemiological shreds of evidence, the mounting burden of autoimmune and metabolic diseases related to respiration and infant infections on a global scale is thought to be because of heavy metal pollutants ( Feng et al, 2020 ).…”