TiBw-reinforced Ti composites: Processing, properties, application prospects, and research needs

Chandran, K.S. Ravi; Panda, K. B.; Sahay, Satyam S.

doi:10.1007/s11837-004-0127-1

Cited by 218 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This can be explained by the different contributions to the macroscopic increase in hardness by the individual phases. With respect to the microhardness of the reinforcements, values reported in the literature are lower for TiB (~1800 HV0.1) than for TiC (~3200 HV0.1) [45]. For the latter, hardness did indeed exhibit a slight correlation with stoichiometry, and declined by roughly 15-20% while decreasing the C/Ti ratio to ~0.5.…”

Section: Structural Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 78%

Characterization of In-Situ TiB/TiC Particle-Reinforced Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr Matrix Composites Synthesized by Solid-State Reaction with B4C and Graphite through SPS

Grützner

Krüger

Radajewski

et al. 2018

Metals

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Abstract:In-situ TiB/TiC particle-reinforced titanium matrix composites (TMCs) based on a near-β Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr alloy (Ti-5553) were synthesized by solid-state reaction with B 4 C and graphite particles during spark plasma sintering (SPS). In this study, investigations were focused on the influence of the molar TiB:TiC ratio on the mechanical properties of the composites. With respect to the adjustment of the molar TiB:TiC ratio, the formation of stoichiometric TiC or nonstoichiometric TiC y was considered as the literature provides conflicting information in this respect. Furthermore, the solid-state reaction behavior influenced by the matrix alloying elements is discussed in comparison to a pure titanium matrix. The hardness, compressive strength and bending strength of the TMCs were improved successfully due to the TiB and TiC particles maintaining acceptable levels of ductility. However, X-ray diffraction experiments revealed that for the adjustment of the molar TiB:TiC ratio, the stoichiometry of the TiC y particles formed must be considered as nonstoichiometric TiC 0.5 resulted from the solid-state reaction of carbon and titanium. Compared to TMCs with pure titanium matrices, more sluggish solid-state reaction kinetics were observed. This was attributed to the matrix alloying elements molybdenum, vanadium and chromium, which formed solid solutions within the reinforcing particles.

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Section: Structural Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 78%

Characterization of In-Situ TiB/TiC Particle-Reinforced Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr Matrix Composites Synthesized by Solid-State Reaction with B4C and Graphite through SPS

Grützner

Krüger

Radajewski

et al. 2018

Metals

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“…Titanium alloys can be reinforced by TiB 2 , TiN, B 4 C, ZrC, TiB, TiC, and Al 2 O 3 [6]. Among various reinforcements, TiB seems to be the most attractive option because it has a close to titanium density, high Young's modulus and reasonable stability at the processing temperatures [11,12]. In addition, TiB creates minimal residual stresses due to similarity of thermal expansion coefficient and good crystallographic interfaces with the titanium matrix [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among various reinforcements, TiB seems to be the most attractive option because it has a close to titanium density, high Young's modulus and reasonable stability at the processing temperatures [11,12]. In addition, TiB creates minimal residual stresses due to similarity of thermal expansion coefficient and good crystallographic interfaces with the titanium matrix [11][12][13]. The effect of TiB on the strength properties of Ti-based matrix was either as good as, if not better than, most widely used reinforcements such as TiC or Al 2 O 3 [7,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of High-Pressure Torsion on Structure and Microhardness of Ti/TiB Metal–Matrix Composite

Zherebtsov

Ozerov

Stepanov

et al. 2017

Metals

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Effect of high-pressure torsion (HPT) at 400 • C on microstructure and microhardness of a Ti/TiB metal-matrix composite was studied. The starting material was produced by spark plasma sintering of a mixture of a pure Ti and TiB 2 (10 wt %) powders at 1000 • C. The microstructure evolution during HPT was associated with an increase in dislocation density and substructure development that resulted in a gradual microstructure refinement of the Ti matrix and shortening/redistribution of TiB whiskers. After five revolutions, a nanostructure with (sub) grain size of~30 nm was produced in Ti matrix. The microhardness increased with strain attaining the value~520 HV after five revolutions. The contribution of different hardening mechanisms into the hardness of the Ti/TiB metal-matrix composite was quantitatively analyzed.

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“…2,3,25,26) The significant increase in strength and stiffness in boron-modified Ti alloys arise from the strong and stiff TiB whiskers that precipitate in-situ during solidification. 3,23) Due to the similarity of the thermal expansion coefficients (8:6 Â 10 À6 /K for Ti and 7:5 Â 10 À6 /K for TiB 21) ), only small residual stresses result at the TiB/Ti interface, which does not exhibit significant reactivity, 30) after the cooldown from processing. In addition, recent work has shown that the addition of small amounts ($0:1 mass%) of B to a Ti-6Al-4V(mass%) alloy decreases the as-cast grain size by approximately an order of magnitude.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Elevated-Temperature Creep Behavior of Boron-Modified Ti-6Al-4V Alloys

Boehlert

Chen

2009

Mater. Trans.

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This work investigated the effect of nominal boron (B) additions of 0.1 mass% and 1 mass% on the elevated-temperature (673-728 K) tensile-creep deformation behavior of a Ti-6Al-4V(mass%) alloy for applied stresses between 400-600 MPa. The alloys were evaluated in the as-cast and cast-then-extruded conditions. Boron additions resulted in a dramatic refinement of the as-cast grain size and TiB whisker volume percents of approximately 0.6 and 6.0 for the Ti-6Al-4V-0.1B and Ti-6Al-4V-1B alloys, respectively. The extrusions were performed in thephase field and resulted in the TiB-phase whiskers aligning in the extrusion direction. The creep resistance of the as-cast alloys significantly improved with increased B concentration, where around an order of magnitude decrease in the secondary creep rate was observed between the Ti-6Al-4V-1B and Ti-6Al-4V as-cast alloys. Grain refinement due to the B addition did not deleteriously affect the creep resistance in the temperature and stress ranges considered, where dislocation creep was suggested to be the dominant secondary-creep mechanism. The enhanced creep resistance was attributed to load sharing by the TiB whiskers. For the same nominal B contents, the cast-then-extruded alloys exhibited significantly greater creep resistance and tensile strength than the as-cast alloys. This was explained to be an effect of the -phase texture and the decreased lath spacing in the cast-then-extruded alloys compared with the as-cast alloys. The cast-then-extruded alloys exhibited four times lower lath widths than the as-cast alloys, and the -phase was strongly textured such that the basal plane was predominately oriented perpendicular to the extrusion axis. Comparing the cast-then-extruded alloys, the Ti-6Al-4V alloy exhibited the greatest creep resistance. Overall the -phase consisted of approximately 80% of the microstructure, and the -phase texture appeared to be more dominant to the creep resistance and tensile strength than the small volume percent of TiB-phase in the microstructure. Although B is not necessary to optimize the elevated-temperature creep performance of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, when boron was present, greater boron additions increased the creep resistance. In-situ creep observations of the surface indicated that the TiB whisker cracking occurred prior to slip and void formation in the þ phases. This was followed by = interface cracking and ductile failure of the þ microstructure.

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TiBw-reinforced Ti composites: Processing, properties, application prospects, and research needs

Cited by 218 publications

References 11 publications

Characterization of In-Situ TiB/TiC Particle-Reinforced Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr Matrix Composites Synthesized by Solid-State Reaction with B4C and Graphite through SPS

Characterization of In-Situ TiB/TiC Particle-Reinforced Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr Matrix Composites Synthesized by Solid-State Reaction with B4C and Graphite through SPS

Effect of High-Pressure Torsion on Structure and Microhardness of Ti/TiB Metal–Matrix Composite

The Elevated-Temperature Creep Behavior of Boron-Modified Ti-6Al-4V Alloys

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