Tick-borne encephalitis virus in arthropod vectors in the Far East of Russia

Pukhovskaya, Natalia M.; Морозова, О. В.; Высочина, Н. П.; Belozerova, Nadejda B.; Bakhmetyeva, Svetlana V.; Zdanovskaya, Nina I.; Seligman, Stephen; Иванов, Л. И.

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.01.020

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Ae. vexans nipponii is a known carrier of Chaoyang flavivirus, tick-borne encephalitis virus and several parasites, e.g., Dirofilaria repens and D. immitis [42,43,44]. Aedes vexans nipponii is a potential vector for known and unknown human pathogens due to its zoophilic nature and willingness to bite humans, emphasizing the importance of understanding its virome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Three Novel and Prevalent Mosquito Viruses from a Single Pool of Aedes vexans nipponii Collected in the Republic of Korea

Sanborn

Klein²,

Kim³

et al. 2019

Viruses

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Arboviruses continue to be a significant global health concern. The unbiased metagenomic analyses of mosquito-borne and mosquito-specific viruses are useful to understand viral diversity and for the surveillance of pathogens of medical and veterinary importance. Metagenomic analysis was conducted on 6368 mosquitoes (736 pools), covering 16 species from 18 locations throughout the Republic of Korea (ROK) in 2016. In this report, we describe three viruses detected in a single pool of Aedes vexans nipponii collected at Yongsan U.S. Army Garrison, located in a densely populated district of Seoul, the ROK. The three novel viruses, designated as Yongsan bunyavirus 1 (YBV1), Yongsan picorna-like virus 3 (YPLV3) and Yongsan sobemo-like virus 1 (YSLV1), share sequence and structural characteristics with members belonging to the family Bunyaviridae, order Picornavirales, and family Solemoviridae, with shared RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) amino acid identities of 40%, 42% and 86%, respectively. The real-time reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of 3493 Aedes vexans nipponii (257 pools) showed a high prevalence of YBV1 and YSLV1 viruses, which were present in 65% and 62% of tested pools, respectively. This study highlighted the utility of a metagenomic sequencing approach for arbovirus discovery and for a better understanding of the virome of potential medically relevant vectors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Three Novel and Prevalent Mosquito Viruses from a Single Pool of Aedes vexans nipponii Collected in the Republic of Korea

Sanborn

Klein²,

Kim³

et al. 2019

Viruses

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“…But further study of Borrelia adaptation to divergent arthropods and vertebrate hosts is required. Rich ixodofauna of the Far East of Russia along with multiple vertebrate reservoir hosts (Volkov, 2005) provide multiple ecological niches not only for tick-borne borrelia with high spacial and temporal genetic stability but even for relative stable wild populations of RNA-containing tick-borne encephalitis virus (Pukhovskaya et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Borrelia miyamotoi in ixodid ticks in the Far East of Russia

Pukhovskaya

Морозова

Высочина

et al. 2019

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) DNA was detected by PCR in Ixodes persulcatus Schulze, 1930, Haemaphysalis concinna Koch, 1844 , Haemaphysalis japonica douglasi Nuttall et Warburton, 1915 and Dermacentor silvarum Olenev, 1932 ticks collected in the Amur region, the Jewish Autonomous region, the Sakhalin region and on the Khabarovsk territory. Infection rate of I. persulcatus with B. burgdorferi s.l. 10–69% exceeded the corresponding values of three other tick species in all examined regions during 1999–2014 despite different tick abundance and dominance structure. Bacterial loads estimated on the base of quantitative real time PCR varied from 10 2 to 10 9 genome-equivalents per a tick with maximal values for I. persulcatus and H. japonica. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene and 5S—23S rRNA intergenic spacer nucleotide sequences revealed two species: 1) Borrelia garinii of Asian type NT29 with several isolates of European type 20047; 2) Borrelia afzelii with identical sequences of the majority of studied isolates and VS461 reference strain in all regions except the Sakhalin Island where B. afzelii was not found . Borrelia miyamotoi of the relapsing fever group was detected as monoinfection or in combination with B. burgdorferi s.l. in 4.0 ± 0.9% and 4.8 ± 0.9% I. persulcatus ticks, respectively. Multiple locus sequence analysis of three fragments of 16S rRNA, glpQ and p66 genes proved that all the Far Eastern B. miyamotoi isolates belonged to the Asian type identical to FR64b strain (GenBank CP004217 ) from Japan. Wide distribution of Borrelia DNA in ticks, relative genetic homogeneity with similar sequences of the coding regions and the intergenic spacer of Borrelia wild isolates and temporal stability with high homology levels of the Far Eastern isolates of B. garinii , B. afzelii and B. miyamotoi with previously described spirochetes from the surrounding regions of Russia, China and Japan allowed us to suggest multiple ecological niches as the stability factor of the parasitic system.

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“…These ticks are the main sources of human infection for European (I. ricinus), Siberian, and Far-Eastern subtypes (I. persulcatus). Other ticks have been implicated as TBEV vectors in Siberia and the Far East [23,24]; however, their role in global-scale TBEV ecology is not clear. There have been several hypotheses regarding the evolutionary history of the TBEV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus: An Emerging Ancient Zoonosis?

Deviatkin

Kholodilov

Vakulenko

et al. 2020

Viruses

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Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is one of the most important viral zoonosis transmitted by the bite of infected ticks. In this study, all tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) E gene sequences available in GenBank as of June 2019 with known date of isolation (n = 551) were analyzed. Simulation studies showed that a sample bias could significantly affect earlier studies, because small TBEV datasets (n = 50) produced non-overlapping intervals for evolutionary rate estimates. An apparent lack of a temporal signal in TBEV, in general, was found, precluding molecular clock analysis of all TBEV subtypes in one dataset. Within all subtypes and most of the smaller groups in these subtypes, there was evidence of many medium- and long-distance virus transfers. These multiple random events may play a key role in the virus spreading. For some groups, virus diversity within one territory was similar to diversity over the whole geographic range. This is best exemplified by the virus diversity observed in Switzerland or Czech Republic. These two countries yielded most of the known European subtype Eu3 subgroup sequences, and the diversity of viruses found within each of these small countries is comparable to that of the whole Eu3 subgroup, which is prevalent all over Central and Eastern Europe. Most of the deep tree nodes within all three established TBEV subtypes dated less than 300 years back. This could be explained by the recent emergence of most of the known TBEV diversity. Results of bioinformatics analysis presented here, together with multiple field findings, suggest that TBEV may be regarded as an emerging disease.

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Tick-borne encephalitis virus in arthropod vectors in the Far East of Russia

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Three Novel and Prevalent Mosquito Viruses from a Single Pool of Aedes vexans nipponii Collected in the Republic of Korea

Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Three Novel and Prevalent Mosquito Viruses from a Single Pool of Aedes vexans nipponii Collected in the Republic of Korea

Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Borrelia miyamotoi in ixodid ticks in the Far East of Russia

Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus: An Emerging Ancient Zoonosis?

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