Tick mouth parts occlusive vasculopathy: a localized cryoglobulinemic vasculitic response

Abstract

As five of our six biopsy specimens were found to still harbor retained tick parts, it is possible that the actual retention of tick parts was involved in evoking this localized cryoprecipitate reaction.

A histopathologic study of arthropod bite reactions in 20 patients highlights relevant adnexal involvement

“…This is the first study aimed at investigating the particular histomorphological features in arthropod bite lesions. Several previous studies have been focused on the histologic hallmarks in biopsies of patients who experienced assaults by particular arthropods, such as fleas, 10 ticks and mites, [11][12][13][14][15][16] sea urchins 17 and spiders. 18 Others have studied the predominant morphologic changes caused by insect bites, yet only in particular populations such as patients with concomitant neoplasms, [19][20][21] positive for the human immunodeficiency virus 22 or with various other diseases.…”

Dermatologic Changes Induced by RepeatedIxodes scapularisBites and Implications for Prevention of Tick-Borne Infection

“…A second infestation resulted in an intense accumulation of neutrophils, edema, and epidermal hyperplasia at the tick attachment site. Humans also develop inflammatory responses to tick bites in the dermis, including infiltrates of neutrophils, eosinophils, histiocytes, and lymphocytes, as well as vascular thrombi, extravasation of erythrocytes, and neutrophil damage of blood vessels consistent with vasculitis (Patterson et al 1979, Beaudouin et al 1997, Stefanato et al 2002, Galaria et al 2003, Pajvani et al 2006. Despite these data, it remains unclear how tick-induced changes at the tick-dermal interface may enhance pathogen transmission and how host responses to repeated tick bites might inhibit such transmission, especially as a result of I. scapularis infestation.…”

Localized Medium-Vessel Vasculitis From a Tick Bite

“…Rarely, localized tick bite reactions may histologically mimic mixed cryoglobulinemic vasculitis, including features of erythrocyte extravasation, neutrophilic invasion of the blood vessel walls, leukocytoclasia, and fibrinoid necrosis. 3 Thrombotic vasculopathy with surrounding diffuse neutrophilic infiltrates is another reaction pattern described in the literature and may be a pattern seen more often with retained tick parts. 4 In this report, we describe a rare case of a primary tick bite inoculation with histopathological features of medium-vessel vasculitis.…”