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Cited by 3 publications
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Significant role of symbiotic bacteria in the blood digestion and reproduction of Dermanyssus gallinae mites
Endosymbiotic bacteria exert profound effects on the fitness of their arthropod hosts. Dermanyssus gallinae, the poultry red mite, is a blood-feeding ectoparasite that feeds solely on the blood of its avian hosts. A relatively comprehensive understanding of its microbial community structures across developmental stages based on 16S rRNA sequencing is available. Yet, their functional integration within the host's physiology remains elusive. This study endeavors to illuminate the role of symbiotic bacteria in the biology of D. gallinae mites. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed a prominent midgut-confinement bacterial microbiota with considerable diversity, out of which Kocuria and Bartonella A acted as the predominant bacterial genera inhabiting D. gallinae. The relative abundance of Bartonella A exhibited rapid increments subsequent to blood-sucking, reflecting the bacteria's adaptation to grow in blood or indicating its pivotal role in the mites' post-engorgement life activities. Some of the isolated bacterial strains from D. gallinae display hemolytic activity on blood agar, which could potentially contribute to the blood digestion process in mites. To corroborate this in vivo, antibiotic-mediated clearance was exploited to generate dysbiosed cohorts of D. gallinae mites, lacking some of the key bacterial species. Phenotypic scoring of dysbiosed D. gallinae mites revealed that this cohort resulted in delayed blood digestion and diminished reproductive capacity. Whole genome sequencing revealed that Bartonella A, identified as a new species within the genus Bartonella, displays the characteristics of an obligate symbiont. These findings underscore the significance of microbiota in poultry red mites and suggest microbiota-targeted strategies for controlling mite populations in poultry farms.
Significant role of symbiotic bacteria in the blood digestion and reproduction of Dermanyssus gallinae mites
Endosymbiotic bacteria exert profound effects on the fitness of their arthropod hosts. Dermanyssus gallinae, the poultry red mite, is a blood-feeding ectoparasite that feeds solely on the blood of its avian hosts. A relatively comprehensive understanding of its microbial community structures across developmental stages based on 16S rRNA sequencing is available. Yet, their functional integration within the host's physiology remains elusive. This study endeavors to illuminate the role of symbiotic bacteria in the biology of D. gallinae mites. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed a prominent midgut-confinement bacterial microbiota with considerable diversity, out of which Kocuria and Bartonella A acted as the predominant bacterial genera inhabiting D. gallinae. The relative abundance of Bartonella A exhibited rapid increments subsequent to blood-sucking, reflecting the bacteria's adaptation to grow in blood or indicating its pivotal role in the mites' post-engorgement life activities. Some of the isolated bacterial strains from D. gallinae display hemolytic activity on blood agar, which could potentially contribute to the blood digestion process in mites. To corroborate this in vivo, antibiotic-mediated clearance was exploited to generate dysbiosed cohorts of D. gallinae mites, lacking some of the key bacterial species. Phenotypic scoring of dysbiosed D. gallinae mites revealed that this cohort resulted in delayed blood digestion and diminished reproductive capacity. Whole genome sequencing revealed that Bartonella A, identified as a new species within the genus Bartonella, displays the characteristics of an obligate symbiont. These findings underscore the significance of microbiota in poultry red mites and suggest microbiota-targeted strategies for controlling mite populations in poultry farms.
Ecological and epidemiological characteristics of tick-borne encephalitis and ixodic tick-borne borreliosis incidence according to the data of the Arkhangelsk region for 2012–2022
BACKGROUND: The increase of ticks infected with borrelia and tick-borne encephalitis virus, as well as the impact of anthropogenic factor on the ecosystem of the northern region determines the need to study possible risk factors and epidemiological trends in the incidence of tick-borne encephalitis and ixoid tick-borreliosis. AIM: To conduct a retrospective ecological and epidemiological analysis of regional peculiarities of the epidemic process of tick-borne encephalitis and ixoid tick-borreliosis in the Arkhangelsk region in comparison with similar indicators in the North-West Federal District and Russia for 2012–2022. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The work was carried out in accordance with the ecological research design. Statistical data of the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System, as well as statistical annual forms of the Department of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare in Russia and the Arkhangelsk region were used as the information base. The registered cases of tick-borne encephalitis and ixoid tick-borreliosis morbidity in the Arkhangelsk region, as well as in Russia and the Northwestern Federal District as a whole for 2012–2022 were evaluated. Time series analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2019. The study also analyzes the dynamics of climatic factors in the Arkhangelsk region and its possible impact on the distribution and migration of ixodid ticks across the territory of the European North of Russia. Correlations were assessed by evaluating Pearson’s correlation criterion using the Google Collaboratory interface. RESULTS: The number of tick bites in the Arkhangelsk region throughout the entire study period significantly exceeds the similar indicator (per 100 thousand population) in Russia. The incidence of tick-borne encephalitis in the Arkhangelsk region significantly exceeds that in both the Russian Federation and the Northwestern Federal District, and exceeded the average annual rate in Russia more than 3 times, although it had a faster rate of decline (5.7% vs. 3.7% annually). The incidence of ixoid tick-borreliosis has a paradoxical character due to the fact that throughout almost the whole period it is below the all-Russian level (3.19 per 100,000 population in Arkhangelsk region against 4.41 in the Russian Federation), while the incidence in the Northwestern Federal District is 1.3 times higher on average. CONCLUSIONS: During the last decade the incidence of tick-borne encephalitis in the Arkhangelsk region remains stably high in comparison with both the Russian Federation and the Northwestern Federal District. The incidence of ixoid tick-borreliosis corresponds to the long-term average for Russia, with a more pronounced downward trend (4.7% vs. 1.7%). The territory of the Arkhangelsk region is subject to the trend of increasing average annual temperatures, and anthropogenic interventions, in particular, abundant deforestation, lead to the destruction of established ecosystems and open new opportunities and territories for ticks, which in the future may negatively affect the established trends of morbidity. The analysis confirms the need to develop and adopt organizational measures aimed at the development of epidemiological and epizootological monitoring.
Microbiome of Hyalomma dromedarii (Ixodida: Ixodidae) Ticks: Variation in Community Structure with Regard to Sex and Host Habitat
Hyalomma dromedarii ticks are the main hematophagous ectoparasites of camels, harboring a variety of microbes that can affect tick vector competence and pathogen transmission. To better understand the tick microbiome influenced by sex and host habitat, we analyzed the bacterial community of H. dromedarii male and female ticks collected from camel farms, livestock markets, and slaughterhouses, representing the range of major habitats in the UAE, by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Tick samples were collected during 2022 and 2023. A total of 40 ticks (male (15), female (15), and nymph (10)) were selected from tick samples collected from camels and processed for genomic DNA and next-generation sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq platform. We obtained 151,168 read counts, and these formed 237 operational taxonomic units representing 11 phyla, 22 classes, 77 families, and 164 genera. The phyla Actinomycetota, Bacillota, Bacteroidota, Pseudomonadota, and Fusobacteriota were the most abundant. The bacterial genus Corynebacterium dominated the microbiomes of farm-collected female H. dromedarii ticks, while Proteus dominated the microbiomes of farm-collected male H. dromedarii ticks. In comparison, the microbiomes of H. dromedarii ticks collected from slaughterhouse samples were dominated by genus Francisella in both males and females. Our results confirm that the bacterial microbiomes of H. dromedarii ticks vary by sex and habitat settings. Furthermore, recent findings could deliver insight into the differences in the ability of camel ticks to acquire, maintain, and transmit pathogens in various habitats that may impact the tick vector competence of medically and agriculturally important species in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and Asia.
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