Tick vaccines and the control of tick-borne pathogens

Merino, Octávio; Alberdi, Pilar; Lastra, José Manuel Pérez de la; Fuente, José de la

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2013.00030

Cited by 92 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 112 publications

(162 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, immunization of bovines using rBrRm-MP4 reduced tick number, oviposition and egg hatching, providing an overall protection of 60%, and confirming it as an immunoprotective antigen. Until now, only a few antigens have produced this degree of protection against R. microplus infestation (Patarroyo et al, 2002;Willadsen, 2004;Hajdusek et al, 2010;Almazan et al, 2010;de la Fuente and Merino, 2013;Merino et al, 2013aMerino et al, , 2013b.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoprotective potential of a Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus metalloprotease

Ali

Parizi

Guizzo

et al. 2015

Veterinary Parasitology

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Ticks have serious impacts on animal and human health, causing significant economic losses in cattle breeding. Besides damage due to the hematophagous behavior, they transmit several pathogens. Low cost and environmental safety have made vaccines a promising alternative control method against tick infestation. Metalloproteases (MPs) have been shown to be essential for diverse biological functions in hematophagous organisms, inhibiting blood clotting, degrading extracellular matrix proteins, and inhibiting host tissue repair via anti-angiogenic activity. In this study, we analyzed the immunoprotective potential of a recombinant MP against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus infestation. First, a cDNA encoding R. microplus amino acids sequence with highly conserved regions of the metzincin (reprolysin) group of MP was identified (BrRm-MP4). After expression and purification, recombinant BrRm-MP4 was used as a vaccinal antigen against R. microplus infestation in cattle (Bos taurus taurus). All vaccinated bovines developed immune response to the antigen, resulting in increased antibody level throughout the immunization protocol. Immunization with rBrRm-MP4 reduced tick feeding success, decreasing the number of engorged females and their reproduction potential, representing a 60% overall protection. These results show that rBrRm-MP4 provides protection against tick infestation, placing it is a potential candidate for an anti-tick vaccine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoprotective potential of a Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus metalloprotease

Ali

Parizi

Guizzo

et al. 2015

Veterinary Parasitology

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“…This type of approach merits additional investigation utilizing an intensive distribution of bait treated with ivermectin or other emerging oral development inhibitors or systemic acaricides in order to achieve higher levels of protection in the overall deer population. The notion of an anti- I. scapularis vaccine for deer, similar to the anti- Rhipicephalus ( Boophilus ) microplus (Canestrini) vaccines developed for cattle (Merino et al 2013), is intriguing, as it may circumvent many of the problems encountered with deer reduction or use of topical acaricides on deer. The primary logistical problem, should it be feasible to develop such a vaccine, lies in the delivery of such a vaccine to deer.…”

Section: Suppression Of I Scapularis and B Burgdorferi With A Singlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Personal Protective Measures to Reduce Human Contact With Blacklegged Ticks and for Environmentally Based Control Methods to Suppress Host-Seeking Blacklegged Ticks and Reduce Infection with Lyme Disease Spirochetes in Tick Vectors and Rodent Reservoirs

2016

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In the 1980s, the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis Say, and rodents were recognized as the principal vector and reservoir hosts of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi in the eastern United States, and deer were incriminated as principal hosts for I. scapularis adults. These realizations led to pioneering studies aiming to reduce the risk for transmission of B. burgdorferi to humans by attacking host-seeking ticks with acaricides, interrupting the enzootic transmission cycle by killing immatures infesting rodent reservoirs by means of acaricide-treated nesting material, or reducing deer abundance to suppress tick numbers. We review the progress over the past three decades in the fields of: 1) prevention of human–tick contact with repellents and permethrin-treated clothing, and 2) suppression of I. scapularis and disruption of enzootic B. burgdorferi transmission with environmentally based control methods. Personal protective measures include synthetic and natural product-based repellents that can be applied to skin and clothing, permethrin sprays for clothing and gear, and permethrin-treated clothing. A wide variety of approaches and products to suppress I. scapularis or disrupt enzootic B. burgdorferi transmission have emerged and been evaluated in field trials. Application of synthetic chemical acaricides is a robust method to suppress host-seeking I. scapularis ticks within a treated area for at least 6–8 wk. Natural product-based acaricides or entomopathogenic fungi have emerged as alternatives to kill host-seeking ticks for homeowners who are unwilling to use synthetic chemical acaricides. However, as compared with synthetic chemical acaricides, these approaches appear less robust in terms of both their killing efficacy and persistence. Use of rodent-targeted topical acaricides represents an alternative for homeowners opposed to open distribution of acaricides to the ground and vegetation on their properties. This host-targeted approach also provides the benefit of the intervention impacting the entire rodent home range. Rodent-targeted oral vaccines against B. burgdorferi and a rodent-targeted antibiotic bait have been evaluated in laboratory and field trials but are not yet commercially available. Targeting of deer—via deer reduction or treatment of deer with topical acaricides—can provide area-wide suppression of host-seeking I. scapularis. These two deer-targeted approaches combine great potential for protection that impacts the entire landscape with severe problems relating to public acceptance or implementation logistics. Integrated use of two or more methods has unfortunately been evaluated in very few published studies, but additional field evaluations of integrated tick and pathogen strategies are underway.

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“…Vaccination against vector arthropods is an attractive alternative to the use of the chemical acaricides conventionally used to control tick infestations (Parizi et al, 2012a;Merino et al, 2013). Anti-tick vaccines may lower tick numbers in the field, reducing disease transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination with cyclin-dependent kinase tick antigen confers protection against Ixodes infestation

Gomes¹,

Moraes

Githaka

et al. 2015

Veterinary Parasitology

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Tick vaccines and the control of tick-borne pathogens

Cited by 92 publications

References 112 publications

Immunoprotective potential of a Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus metalloprotease

Immunoprotective potential of a Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus metalloprotease

Evidence for Personal Protective Measures to Reduce Human Contact With Blacklegged Ticks and for Environmentally Based Control Methods to Suppress Host-Seeking Blacklegged Ticks and Reduce Infection with Lyme Disease Spirochetes in Tick Vectors and Rodent Reservoirs

Vaccination with cyclin-dependent kinase tick antigen confers protection against Ixodes infestation

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