Tidal Inlet Protection Strategies (Tips) Field Guide for Shoreline Protection

Abstract

Tidal inlets are complex systems that provide pathways for oil to enter sheltered and typically environmentally sensitive bays, tidal flats, and wetland complexes. Because of their dynamic nature, attempts to protect these features from oil spills have not always been successful historically, often due to a lack of understanding of how the inlet system operates and where protective actions may be practical. This Field Guide has been prepared to assist oil spill planners and responders to better understand how tidal inlets function and where conditions may exist that permit control actions. Improving understanding of how tidal inlets work can help ensure that realistic expectations and appropriate tactics and equipment are available for deployment locations where they have some potential for success. During a response operation, the Field Guide can be used to ensure that available resources are put to best use and that decision makers select practical strategies based on the environmental conditions at the time. The Field Guide provides separate stepwise approaches for preplanning activities and for response decisions.

Low global warming C5F10O isomers for plasma atomic layer etching and reactive ion etching of SiO2 and Si3N4

“…The GWP of fluorocarbon compounds can be decreased by including hydrogen or oxygen atoms in their molecular structures. [31][32][33] Hydrofluoroolefins, HFCs, and oxygen-containing fluorocarbons are potential alternatives to PFCs. [22,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] Hydrogen atoms in the molecules reduce GWP by producing hydrogen fluoride, and oxygen atoms in the molecules also contribute to lower GWP by forming byproducts such as CO, CO 2 , and COF 2 in plasma etching processes.…”