Ties that bind tourists: embedding destination motivators to destination attachment: a study in the context of Kumbh Fair, India

Independent travelers’ niche hotel booking motivations: the emergence of a hybrid cultural society

“…They revealed that motivation directly influences loyalty and mediates the links between loyalty and experience quality and between perceived value and satisfaction. Arya et al (2018) confirmed the impact of motivation on destination attachment and revealed that tourists' attitude mediates the link while spiritual stimuli is a mediating moderator of the link. Dean and Suhartanto (2019) explored the role of push and pull motivations in behavioral intention formation.…”

Competency, guanxi and growth aspirations: small tourism enterprises in dynamic environments

“…2.103 0.000 0.051 0.055 0.942 0.971 0.971 0.963 Note(s): EC:Entrepreneurial competency, GX:Guanxi, SE:Self-efficacy, ED:Environmental dynamism, GA:Growth aspiration (the same below); a is for second-order confirmatory factor analysis; b is for firstorder confirmatory factor analysis; c is for confirmatory factor analysis with multiple latent variables Source(s): Authors own creation CR > AVE > 0.5, each scale had good convergent validity (Vikas et al, 2018). Discriminant validity was primarily tested by comparing the inter-correlation values with the square root of the AVE for each variable.…”

“…Convergent validity was primarily examined using factor loading, combined reliability (CR) and average variation extraction (AVE). As shown in Table 3, the factors loading were all more than 0.6, the CRs ranged from 0.780 to 0.968 (>0.70) and the AVE values ranged from 0.501 to 0.795 (>0.50); In addition, according to the criteria of CR > AVE > 0.5, each scale had good convergent validity (Vikas et al ., 2018). Discriminant validity was primarily tested by comparing the inter-correlation values with the square root of the AVE for each variable.…”

Configuration-Based Promotion: A New Approach to Destination Image Sustainability

“…Qualitative methods are as follows: free heuristics method, which uses text connotations to obtain subjective knowledge of products [19]; content analysis method, which uses graphic information to examine destination images [20]; and multimodal discourse method, which uses construction to research the tourist image [21]. Conversely, the quantitative methods are as follows: cognitive mapping methods, which can better reflect the direction of the destination in the human brain, the surrounding environment, and the spatial correlation [22]; correspondence analysis method, which describes the correlation between two or more categorical variables at each level through principal component analysis [23]; intermediary test method, which verifies the antecedents in tourism image [24]; and mathematical models, such as regression analysis, importance-performance analysis (IPA), tri-component model [25][26][27], structural equation modeling (SEM) [28], and SEM in tourism [29,30]. Other studies have combined relevant theories for research, such as tourism discourse theory, grounded theory, and cultural memory theory [31][32][33].…”