Tight association between microbial eukaryote and giant virus communities in the Arctic Ocean

Xia, Jun; Kameyama, Sohiko; Prodinger, Florian; Yoshida, Takashi; Cho, Kyoung‐Ho; Jung, Jinyoung; Kang, Sung‐Ho; Yang, Eun Jin; Ogata, Hiroyuki; Endo, Hisashi

doi:10.1002/lno.12086

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Most of the members of modules 5 and 6 were Dinoflagellata (mainly MALV-I and MALV-II), but modules 2 and 3 also contained some Arthropoda (zooplankton) as the members. The read counts of zooplankton OTUs seemed not to reflect the relative abundance of adult animals, but relate to their debris, eggs, or feces, considering the size fractions of samples [ 42 ]. The members of module 4 consisted of half Dinoflagellata and half a variety of other taxa.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting global distributions of eukaryotic plankton communities from satellite data

Kaneko,

Endo,

Henry

et al. 2023

ISME Communications

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Satellite remote sensing is a powerful tool to monitor the global dynamics of marine plankton. Previous research has focused on developing models to predict the size or taxonomic groups of phytoplankton. Here, we present an approach to identify community types from a global plankton network that includes phytoplankton and heterotrophic protists and to predict their biogeography using global satellite observations. Six plankton community types were identified from a co-occurrence network inferred using a novel rDNA 18 S V4 planetary-scale eukaryotic metabarcoding dataset. Machine learning techniques were then applied to construct a model that predicted these community types from satellite data. The model showed an overall 67% accuracy in the prediction of the community types. The prediction using 17 satellite-derived parameters showed better performance than that using only temperature and/or the concentration of chlorophyll a. The constructed model predicted the global spatiotemporal distribution of community types over 19 years. The predicted distributions exhibited strong seasonal changes in community types in the subarctic–subtropical boundary regions, which were consistent with previous field observations. The model also identified the long-term trends in the distribution of community types, which suggested responses to ocean warming.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting global distributions of eukaryotic plankton communities from satellite data

Kaneko,

Endo,

Henry

et al. 2023

ISME Communications

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“…In the ocean, viruses are the most abundant biological entities 6 and play important roles in the regulation of microbial host communities, carbon and nutrient cycling, and horizontal gene transfer among organisms 7–10 . Recent metagenomic studies have revealed that both Arctic 11,12 and Antarctic 13,14 environments harbour diverse viruses, with an elevated diversity of prokaryotic dsDNA viruses in the Arctic Ocean 11 . A large proportion of Arctic-specific genes from these viruses were suggested under positive selection based on their mutation patterns.…”

Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent metagenomic studies have revealed that both Arctic 11,12 and Antarctic 13,14 environments harbour diverse viruses, with an elevated diversity of prokaryotic dsDNA viruses in the Arctic Ocean 11 . A large proportion of Arctic-specific genes from these viruses were suggested under positive selection based on their mutation patterns.…”

Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic adaptation of giant viruses in polar oceans

Meng

Delmont

Gaïa

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Despite being perennially frigid, polar oceans form an ecosystem hosting high and unique biodiversity. Various organisms show different adaptative strategies in this habitat, but how viruses adapt to this environment is largely unknown. Viruses of phyla Nucleocytoviricota and Mirusviricota are groups of eukaryote-infecting large and giant DNA viruses with genomes encoding a variety of functions. Here, by leveraging the Global Ocean Eukaryotic Viral database, we investigate the biogeography and functional repertoire of these viruses at a global scale. We first confirm the existence of an ecological barrier that clearly separates polar and nonpolar viral communities, and demonstrate that temperature drives dramatic changes in the virus-host network at the polar/nonpolar boundary. Ancestral niche reconstruction suggests that adaptation of these viruses to polar conditions has occurred repeatedly over the course of evolution, with polar-adapted viruses in the modern ocean being scattered across their phylogeny. Numerous viral genes are specifically associated with polar adaptation, although most of their homologues are not identified as polar-adaptive genes in eukaryotes. These results suggest that giant viruses adapt to cold environments by changing their functional repertoire, and this viral evolutionary strategy is independent of the polar adaptation of their hosts.

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Genomic adaptation of giant viruses in polar oceans

Meng,

Delmont,

Gaïa

et al. 2023

Nat Commun

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Despite being perennially frigid, polar oceans form an ecosystem hosting high and unique biodiversity. Various organisms show different adaptive strategies in this habitat, but how viruses adapt to this environment is largely unknown. Viruses of phyla Nucleocytoviricota and Mirusviricota are groups of eukaryote-infecting large and giant DNA viruses with genomes encoding a variety of functions. Here, by leveraging the Global Ocean Eukaryotic Viral database, we investigate the biogeography and functional repertoire of these viruses at a global scale. We first confirm the existence of an ecological barrier that clearly separates polar and nonpolar viral communities, and then demonstrate that temperature drives dramatic changes in the virus–host network at the polar–nonpolar boundary. Ancestral niche reconstruction suggests that adaptation of these viruses to polar conditions has occurred repeatedly over the course of evolution, with polar-adapted viruses in the modern ocean being scattered across their phylogeny. Numerous viral genes are specifically associated with polar adaptation, although most of their homologues are not identified as polar-adaptive genes in eukaryotes. These results suggest that giant viruses adapt to cold environments by changing their functional repertoire, and this viral evolutionary strategy is distinct from the polar adaptation strategy of their hosts.

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Tight association between microbial eukaryote and giant virus communities in the Arctic Ocean

Cited by 3 publications

References 80 publications

Predicting global distributions of eukaryotic plankton communities from satellite data

Predicting global distributions of eukaryotic plankton communities from satellite data

Genomic adaptation of giant viruses in polar oceans

Genomic adaptation of giant viruses in polar oceans

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