Tillage Effects on Subsequent Weed Types, Population, and Biomass in Maize Cropped in Northern Savanna Zone of Ghana

Kombiok, J. M.; Alhassan, Abdul‐Razak

doi:10.1300/j064v30n01_06

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The weed biomass for the two tillage practices were not significantly different but hand weeding (conventional tillage) had higher weed biomass compared with glyphosate (zero tillage). This conforms to findings by 10 that although glyphosate (zero tillage) effectively suppressed weeds than hand hoeing at 3WAP in the absence of weeding, at harvest the weed populations and weed dry matter on zero-tillage were similar to the hand hoe treatment. The tillage practices were found to have significant effect on plant height where DK8031 variety under glyphosate (zero tillage) average plant height was 1.89m while under hand weeding (conventional tillage) the average plant height was 1.69m.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparative Efficiency of Tillage Practices in Maize

et al. 2014

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Weed management practices used by small scale farmers determine maize productivity. The trials were executed in Kigumo district during the long and short rains in 2010 to compare effectiveness of glyphosate and hand weeding on weed management in maize (Zea mays L.). Treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomized Complete Block Design replicated three times in a split plot arrangement. The main plots were two maize varieties DUMA SC 41 and DK 8031 and the subplots three weed management practices,(glyphosate, hand weeding and no tillage). Data collected included weed count by species,fresh and dry weed biomass and maize grain yield. Data was subjected to ANOVA using Genstat computer software package at P<0.05. Treatments means were separated by Student-Newman Keuls Test. Results revealed that there were significant differences in weed count among weed management practices (P < 0.05). Weeds, significantly established faster under hand weeding than other weed management practices. There were no significant differences among weed management practices in biomass and maize grain yield (P < 0.05). The two maize varieties significantly differed in grain yield under different weed management practices, DK 8031 under glyphosate had the highest yield among the tillage practices involved.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparative Efficiency of Tillage Practices in Maize

et al. 2014

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“…The undisturbed root systems and rhizomes under MT systems may have given these weeds a head start at the onset of the rainy season and resulted in greater weed biomass accumulation under MT systems than MBP. Perennial weeds have been reported to establish rapidly in non-inversion tillage fields in studies done by Makanganise et al (2001) in Zimbabwe and Kombiok and Alhassan, (2007) in Ghana.…”

Section: Effects Of Tillagementioning

confidence: 96%

Crop yield and weed growth under conservation agriculture in semi-arid Zimbabwe

Mashingaidze

Madakadze

Twomlow³

et al. 2012

Soil and Tillage Research

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Constraints to effective weed management may be the main reason for the small area under minimum tillage (MT) in smallholder farming in southern Africa. The effect of maize residue mulching and intensity of hand hoe weeding on the growth of weeds, cowpea (Vigna unguiculata cv. IT 86D-719) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor cv. Macia) was investigated in the fifth and sixth years of a conservation agriculture (CA) field experiment at Matopos Research Station (28 0 30.92`E, 20 0 23.32`S). The experiment was a split-plot randomized complete block design with three replications. Tillage was the main plot factor (conventional tillage -mouldboard plough compared against MT systems -ripper tine and planting basins) and maize residue mulch rate (0, 4 and 8 t ha -1 ) the sub-plot factor. Hoe weeding was done either four times (high weeding intensity) or twice (low weeding intensity) during the cropping season. Planting and weeding were done at the same time in all treatments. There was markedly greater early season weed growth in MT systems relative to mouldboard plough (MBP) in both crop species. In sorghum, MT (planting basins: 40.3 kg ha -1 ; ripper tine: 34.8 kg ha -1 ) systems had higher cumulative weed biomass measured after planting than MBP (29.9 kg ha -1 ) system. Maize mulching was generally associated with increased mid-to late-season weed growth in the two crops probably due to improved soil moisture conservation during periods of low precipitation. Weed suppression by the maize mulch was observed only in sorghum and limited to early in the cropping season with no effect observed for the remainder of the sorghum rotation phase. The high weeding intensity treatment had lower weed growth in both crops and better sorghum yield than low weeding intensity. The MT systems had poor crop establishment which translated into low yields. Cowpea grain yield obtained from MT systems was less than 300 kg ha -1 compared to 413 kg ha -1 in MBP. The poor sorghum establishment in MT systems translated into low grain yield as

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“…The same trends were observed for the ripping option. Under conventional tillage, while mulching appeared not to have significantly influenced (p < 0.05) weed diversity (mean 2.5), species richness was lower under mulched plots (4-7 species) compared to unmulched plots (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13).…”

Section: Mulching Suppressed Weed Density and Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it has remained unclear how different components of CA influence weed dynamics, particularly under the dominant maize-based cropping systems of Zimbabwe. Limited studies to date have failed to give conclusive results on the dynamics of weed density and diversity under mulching and different crop establishment options when fertilization is introduced [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mulching and Fertilization Effects on Weed Dynamics under Conservation Agriculture-Based Maize Cropping in Zimbabwe

et al. 2015

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A two-year study was conducted to assess how mulch influences weed dynamics following imposition of different fertilization treatments under three crop establishment options: (i) conventional; (ii) ripping; and (iii) basin, in a two-year maize-legume rotation. Eight treatments were imposed within each crop establishment option and received maize stover mulch applied at 0% or 30% cover before planting maize (Zea mays) or cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) as test crops. Maize received nitrogen (N) at 35, 90, or 120 kg• ha −1 and phosphorus (P) at 14 or 26 kg• ha −1 applied alone or in combination with 4 or 7 t cattle manure• ha −1 , while cowpea received 8 or 17 N• kg• ha −1 and similar P rates to maize. Results indicated that both weed biomass and diversity were influenced more by fertilization than method of crop establishment. On treatments under high fertilizer application rates, or previously planted to cowpea weed biomass ranged between 220 and 400 g• m −2 under mulch and 370-510 g• m −2 (no mulch). Here species richness ranged OPEN ACCESS Environments 2015, 2 400 between 7-16 and was dominated by dicotyledons. This was in contrast to biomass ranges of 75-200 g• m −2 in the low fertilized and control plots, where only one or two grass types dominated. Overall, weed densities were 6% to 51% higher under conventional tillage compared to the two conservation agriculture (CA) options, although the data indicated that mulch significantly (p < 0.05) depressed weed density by up to 70%. We concluded that mulching could be a potential mechanism for reducing weeding labor costs for smallholders and the general environmental and health concerns associated with the use of herbicides in CA systems.

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Tillage Effects on Subsequent Weed Types, Population, and Biomass in Maize Cropped in Northern Savanna Zone of Ghana

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Comparative Efficiency of Tillage Practices in Maize

Comparative Efficiency of Tillage Practices in Maize

Crop yield and weed growth under conservation agriculture in semi-arid Zimbabwe

Mulching and Fertilization Effects on Weed Dynamics under Conservation Agriculture-Based Maize Cropping in Zimbabwe

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