“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] In particular, considerable theoretical [8][9][10][11] and experimental 12,13 research effort has been recently devoted to investigating the coherent synchrotron radiation process in a waveguide free-electron laser ͑FEL͒. 14 In this type of structure, an ultrashort electron bunch ͑shorter than the radiation wavelength͒, such as that produced by a rf photoinjector, is transversally accelerated within a waveguide by a wiggler field to generate high-power, short pulses of coherent electromagnetic radiation, with numerous applications ranging from surface 15 and solid state physics, 16 millimeter-wave and far infrared photochemistry and photophysics, 17 to ultrawideband radars and communications.…”