Time and Money: A New Look at Poverty and the Barriers to Physical Activity in Canada

Spinney, Jamie; Millward, Hugh

doi:10.1007/s11205-010-9585-8

Cited by 64 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Despite the valuable insights provided by this study; it is not without limitations. Our sample consisted mainly of young (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29), highly educated (Bachelor's degree or higher), female-identifying Canadian inhabitants which may limit the generalizability of the results. On average, our respondents were meeting the physical activity recommendations [16], which is not representative of the population at large.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends adults participate in 150 min/week of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity (or 75 min/week of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity) and 2 or more days per week of muscle-strengthening activities [16]. Globally, about 1 in 4 people were not meeting these guidelines prior to the pandemic [16], with these numbers differing by age [17] and income [18] such that younger adults are more likely to meet guidelines than older adults and higher income predicts better adherence to the guidelines than lower income. Recent reports suggest the pandemic has further decreased physical activity and increased sedentary time [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Mental Health Paradox: Mental health was both a motivator and barrier to physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic

Marashi

Nicholson

Ogrodnik

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the mental health, physical activity, and sedentary behavior of citizens worldwide. Using an online survey with 1669 respondents, we sought to understand why and how by querying about perceived barriers and motivators to physical activity that changed because of the pandemic, and how those changes impacted mental health. Consistent with prior reports, our respondents were less physically active (aerobic activity, −11%, p <0.05; strength-based activity, −30%, p<0.01) and more sedentary (+11%, p<0.01) during the pandemic as compared to 6-months before. The pandemic also increased psychological stress (+22%, p <0.01) and brought on moderate symptoms of anxiety and depression. Respondents’ whose mental health deteriorated the most were also the ones who were least active (depression r = −.21, p<0.01; anxiety r = −.12, p<0.01). The majority of respondents were unmotivated to exercise because they were too anxious (+8%, p <0.01), lacked social support (+6%, p =<0.01), or had limited access to equipment (+23%, p <0.01) or space (+41%, p <0.01). The respondents who were able to stay active reported feeling less motivated by physical health outcomes such as weight loss (−7%, p<0.01) or strength (−14%, p<0.01) and instead more motivated by mental health outcomes such as anxiety relief (+14%, p <0.01). Coupled with previous work demonstrating a direct relationship between mental health and physical activity, these results highlight the potential protective effect of physical activity on mental health and point to the need for psychological support to overcome perceived barriers so that people can continue to be physically active during stressful times like the pandemic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mental Health Paradox: Mental health was both a motivator and barrier to physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic

Marashi

Nicholson

Ogrodnik

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The RMWB offered traditional activity provision (Potwarka et al 2015;Spinney and Millward 2013) through municipally supported leisure centres, parks, ice rinks, sports fields, and swimming pools which provided residents with opportunities that address many local needs and interests. However, this research demonstrates that this model of provision does not provide equitable opportunities within the context of an RBC and requires more appropriate planning if the social benefits associated with leisure and recreation are to be realized.…”

Section: Provision Of Spaces For Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supporting social sustainability in resource‐based communities through leisure and recreation

Lamanes¹,

Deacon²

2018

Canadian Geographies / Géographies canadiennes

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Community development can be conceptualized as a balance that exists amongst environmental, economic, and social systems; this achievement, however, is difficult for communities undergoing rapid urban development. In particular, resource‐based communities (RBCs) that develop as a result of investment into the extraction of a natural resource such as oil and gas have been found to experience uneven economic development, environmental degradation, and social instability. A contributing factor to social instability in RBCs is the reliance on a large transient workforce drawn to the area in search of employment opportunities and the inability to provide this burgeoning population with sufficient urban infrastructure and services. Building on previous research that theorized the key to increasing the sustainability of RBCs is to retain a permanent population, this research explores the contribution that opportunities for leisure and recreation makes to resident retention. Using Fort McMurray, Alberta as a case study, results indicate that among a group of people who lack established social ties, the main source of social interaction is participation in leisure and recreation activities. However, traditional activities associated with leisure and recreation did not take into account the unique challenges found in RBCs indicating an adaptable approach to provision is necessary.

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“…Consistently, a recent systematic review on socioeconomic inequalities in dietary intakes in Europe also provided solid evidence on a considerably lower consumption of fruits and vegetables among the disadvantaged [41]. In addition to material constraints, "time poverty" (i.e., having little time for leisure activities outside of work) was found to be a critical barrier to regular physical activity engagement and adequate sleep [43]. Long working hours, often associated with less skilled elementary workers, tend to create tensions between work and health investments, and thus may displace other health-promoting behaviours [44].…”

Section: Economic Factor: Wealth Inequalitymentioning

confidence: 68%

Perceived poverty and health, and their roles in the poverty-health vicious cycle: a qualitative study of major stakeholders in the healthcare setting in Hong Kong

Chung

Dong

Wong

et al. 2020

Int J Equity Health

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Background: Poverty and ill-health are closely interrelated. Existing studies on the poverty-health vicious cycle focus mainly on less developed countries, where the identified mechanisms linking between poverty and ill-health may not fit the situations in developed Asian regions. This study aims to qualitatively explore the perceived mechanisms and drivers of the poverty-health vicious cycle among major stakeholders in the healthcare setting in Hong Kong. Methods: Data were collected via focus group interviews with social workers (n = 8), chronically ill patients (n = 8), older adults (n = 6), primary care doctors (n = 7) and informal caregivers (n = 10). The transcribed data were then closely read to capture key themes using thematic analyses informed by social constructivism. Results: In this highly developed Asian setting with income inequality among the greatest in the world, the povertyhealth vicious cycle operates. Material and social constraints, as a result of unequal power and opportunities, appear to play a pivotal role in creating uneven distribution of social determinants of health. The subsequent healthcare access also varies across the social ladder under the dual-track healthcare system in Hong Kong. As health deteriorates, financial hardship is often resulted in the absence of sufficient and coordinated healthcare, welfare and labour policy interventions. In addition to the mechanisms, policy drivers of the cycle were also discussed based on the respondents' perceived understanding of the nature of poverty and its operationalization in public policies, as well as of the digressive conceptions of disease among different stakeholders. Conclusions: The poverty-health vicious cycle has remained a great challenge in Hong Kong despite its economic prosperity. To break the cycle, potential policy directions include the adoption of proportionate universalism, social integration and the strengthening of medical-social collaboration.

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Time and Money: A New Look at Poverty and the Barriers to Physical Activity in Canada

Abstract: Time poverty, Income poverty, Time use, Physical activity, Barriers,

Cited by 64 publications

References 38 publications

A Mental Health Paradox: Mental health was both a motivator and barrier to physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic

A Mental Health Paradox: Mental health was both a motivator and barrier to physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic

Supporting social sustainability in resource‐based communities through leisure and recreation

Perceived poverty and health, and their roles in the poverty-health vicious cycle: a qualitative study of major stakeholders in the healthcare setting in Hong Kong

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