“…Previous studies assessing the population structure of P. lividus using different sets of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers found significant genetic differentiation only across two known oceanic discontinuities, the Almería‐Oran front separating the Atlantic and the Mediterranean populations (Calderón, Giribet, & Turon, ; Duran, Palacín, Becerro, Turon, & Giribet, ), and the Adriatic‐Ionian front (Maltagliati, Giuseppe, Barbieri, Castelli, & Dini, ). Temporal variability among different cohorts of the same localities was also assessed suggesting little temporal variation, with some exceptions associated with abnormalities of circulation patterns (Calderón, Palacín, Palacín, & Turon, ; Calderón, Pita, Brusciotti, Palacín, & Turon, ) or chaotic genetic patchiness (Couvray & Coupé, ). However, it has been suggested that P. lividus might present higher levels of structuring across the Atlantic and Mediterranean than previously suggested (Penant, Aurelle, Feral, & Chenuil, ).…”