Time and time again: Temporal processing demands implicate perceptual and gating deficits in the HIV-1 transgenic rat

Moran, Landhing M.; Booze, Rosemarie M.; Mactutus, Charles F.

doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2014.04.025

Cited by 8 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…However, HIV-1 Tg animals exhibited a significantly flatter ISI function relative to controls. Alterations in cross-modal PPI extend previously reported temporal processing deficits observed in adolescent and adult HIV-1 Tg rats (Moran et al, 2013;McLaurin et al, 2016b) to additional sensory modalities, providing evidence for the generality of temporal processing deficits.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The contemporary phenotype of the HIV-1 Tg rat, used in the present study, is a healthier derivation of those originally described (Reid et al, 2001). In the present study, HIV-1 Tg animals, in comparison to F344/N controls, displayed no significant health disparities (e.g., similar growth rates, estrous cyclicity, and inhibition in visual PPI; Roscoe et al, 2014;Moran et al, 2012Moran et al, , 2013. Despite the differences in temporal processing, HIV-1 Tg rats appear to have intact visual, auditory, and tactile sensory systems, evidenced by the robust inhibition of the ASR to all sensory modalities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…Temporal processing deficits, which have been implicated as a fundamental impairment in HAND (Chao et al, 2004;Matas et al, 2010;Moran et al, 2013), may provide the basis for a point-ofcare screening tool for HAND. Cross-modal prepulse inhibition (PPI) and gap-prepulse inhibition (gap-PPI), translational experimental paradigms employed in the present study, have commonly been used to assess temporal processing (Hoffman and Searle, 1965;Ison and Hammond, 1971;Ison, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal processsing demands in the HIV‐1 transgenic rat: Amodal gating and implications for diagnostics

McLaurin

Booze

Mactutus

2016

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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Despite the success of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), approximately 50% of HIV-1 seropositive individuals develop HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Unfortunately, point-of-care screening tools for HAND lack sensitivity and specificity, especially in low-resource countries. Temporal processing deficits have emerged as a critical underlying dimension of neurocognitive impairments observed in HIV-1 and may provide a key target for the development of a novel point-of-care screening tool for HAND. Cross-modal prepulse inhibition (PPI; i.e., auditory, visual, or tactile prepulse stimuli) and gap-prepulse inhibition (gap-PPI; i.e., auditory, visual or tactile prepulse stimuli), two translational experimental paradigms, were used to assess the nature of temporal processing deficits in the HIV-1 transgenic (Tg) rat. Cross-modal PPI revealed a relative insensitivity to the manipulation of interstimulus interval (ISI) in HIV-1 Tg rats in comparison to controls, regardless of prestimulus modality. Gap-PPI revealed an insensitivity to the manipulation of ISI, independent of modality, in HIV-1 Tg rats in comparison to control animals. Manipulation of context (i.e., concurrent visual or tactile stimulus) in auditory PPI revealed a differential sensitivity in HIV-1 Tg animals compared to controls. The potential utility of amodal temporal processing deficits as an innovative point-of-care screening tool was explored using a discriminant function analysis, which diagnosed the presence of the HIV-1 transgene with 97.4% accuracy. Thus, the presence of amodal temporal processing deficits in the HIV-1 Tg rat supports the hypothesis of a central temporal processing deficit in HIV-1 seropositive individuals, heralding an opportunity for the development of a point-of-care screening tool for HAND.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Temporal processsing demands in the HIV‐1 transgenic rat: Amodal gating and implications for diagnostics

McLaurin

Booze

Mactutus

2016

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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“…In a subsequent preliminary study with na€ve adult rats, we found that increasing prepulse light intensity (200, 400, and 600 lux) did not appreciably alter prepulse inhibition at the 40 ms ISI (point of peak inhibition; 70, 72, 74% PPI). In this preliminary study as well as in a published study comparing 22 and 100 lux prepulses (Moran, Booze, & Mactutus, 2013), we also did not find any compelling evidence for alterations in the amplitude curves across prepulse intensity. For the present experiments, a single prepulse intensity, reflecting what has been suggested to be within the range for producing robust PPI, was employed for each prepulse modality.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

The role of sensory modality in prepulse inhibition: An ontogenetic study

Moran

Hord

Booze

et al. 2015

Developmental Psychobiology

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Deficits in prepulse inhibition (PPI), a measure of sensorimotor gating, are observed in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite the large PPI literature, the majority of studies characteristically employ tests with one interstimulus interval (ISI), of one modality, at one age. In the context of the auditory startle response (ASR), the present study examined (1) the profile for the ontogeny of PPI through adulthood in Long–Evans hooded rats with a reasonably comprehensive ISI function, (2) whether the ontogenetic profile for PPI is sensitive to modality of the prepulse stimulus, as a within-session variable, and (3) whether the maturation of PPI differs for males and females. Despite the basic effect of more pronounced PPI in adult relative to preweanling animals, each sensory modality displayed a unique ontogenetic profile for PPI, without any compelling evidence for major differences between males and females, in accordance with the known temporal course of peripheral and central maturational profiles of sensory systems in the rat. The context for assessing auditory PPI (auditory and tactile vs. auditory and visual prepulses) influenced the overall startle response, i.e., a shift in the height of the entire profile, but did not significantly impact the auditory PPI profile per se. The translational relevance of preclinical sensorimotor assessments to patients with neurodevelopmental and/or neuropsychiatric disorders depends partly on an understanding of the ontogeny of sensorimotor gating in different sensory systems, and can be strengthened with the use of a reasonably comprehensive number of ISIs to provide relatively precise and defined response functions.

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“…Temporal processing deficits have been implicated as a potential underlying neural mechanism for alterations in higher-level cognitive processes commonly observed in neurocognitive disorders. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the auditory startle response (ASR) is a translational experimental paradigm commonly used to examine temporal processing deficits, revealing profound alterations in neurocognitive disorders such as schizophrenia 1 , attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 2 and HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorders 3,4 . Specifically, assessments of temporal processing in preclinical models of HIV-1 have revealed the generality, relative permanence, and suggested the diagnostic utility of PPI across the majority of the animals' functional lifespan 3,4,5,6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Power of Interstimulus Interval for the Assessment of Temporal Processing in Rodents

McLaurin

Moran

et al. 2019

JoVE

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Temporal processing deficits have been implicated as a potential elemental dimension of higherlevel cognitive processes, commonly observed in neurocognitive disorders. Despite the popularization of prepulse inhibition (PPI) in recent years, many current protocols promote using a percent of control measure, thereby precluding the assessment of temporal processing. The present study used cross-modal PPI and gap prepulse inhibition (gap-PPI) to demonstrate the benefits of employing a range of interstimulus intervals (ISIs) to delineate effects of sensory modality, psychostimulant exposure, and age. Assessment of sensory modality, psychostimulant exposure, and age reveals the utility of an approach varying the interstimulus interval (ISI) to establish the shape of the ISI function, including increases (sharper curve inflections) or decreases (flattening of the response amplitude curve) in startle amplitude. Additionally, shifts in peak response inhibition, suggestive of a differential sensitivity to the manipulation of ISI, are often revealed. Thus, the systematic manipulation of ISI affords a critical opportunity to evaluate temporal processing, which may reveal the underlying neural mechanisms involved in neurocognitive disorders.

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Time and time again: Temporal processing demands implicate perceptual and gating deficits in the HIV-1 transgenic rat

Cited by 8 publications

References 46 publications

Temporal processsing demands in the HIV‐1 transgenic rat: Amodal gating and implications for diagnostics

Temporal processsing demands in the HIV‐1 transgenic rat: Amodal gating and implications for diagnostics

The role of sensory modality in prepulse inhibition: An ontogenetic study

The Power of Interstimulus Interval for the Assessment of Temporal Processing in Rodents

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