Time and time-frequency analysis of near-infrared signals for the assessment of ozone autohemotherapy long-term effects in multiple sclerosis

Abstract

Time and time-frequency analysis of near-infrared signals for the assessment of ozone autohemotherapy long-term effects in multiple sclerosis / Lintas G.; Molinari F.; Simonetti V.; Franzini M.; Liboni W.. -2013Liboni W.. - (2013  Abstract-Ozone autohemotherapy is an emerging therapeutic technique that is gaining increasing importance in treating neurological disorders. A validated and standard methodology to assess the effect of such therapy on brain metabolism and circulation is however still lacking. We used a near-infrared spectroscopy system (NIRS) to monitor the cerebral oxygenation of 9 subjects: 4 remitting-relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS) sufferers and 5 controls. Subjects were tested before, during, and after ozone autohemotherapy. We monitored the concentration changes in the level of oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobin, and in the level of the Cytochrome-c-oxidase (CYT-c). From the time and timefrequency analysis of the NIRS signals we extracted 128 variables, which were used to characterize the metabolic brain pattern during the therapy. We showed that by using only 7 NIRS variables out of 128 it is possible to characterize the metabolic brain pattern of the two groups of subjects. The MS subjects showed a marked increase of the CYT-c activity and concentration about 40 minutes after the end of the autohemotherapy, possibly revealing a reduction of the chronic oxidative stress level typical of MS sufferers. From a technical point of view, this preliminary study showed that NIRS could be useful to show the effects of ozone autohemotherapy at cerebral level, in a long term monitoring. The clinical result of this study is the quantitative measurement of the CYT-c level changes in MS induced by ozone autohemotherapy.

Ozone Activates the Nrf2 Pathway and Improves Preservation of Explanted Adipose Tissue In Vitro

“…It is known that mitochondrial functions are strictly related to the level of reactive oxygen species (review in [ 25 ]), and it is likely that the oxidative stress due to O 2 and 20 μg O 3 (although unable to cause organelle damage) could induce functional alteration at the longest incubation time. In contrast, 10 μg O 3 proved to be safe, consistent with previous demonstration that appropriate O 3 concentrations may even positively affect mitochondrial activity [ 26 , 27 ].…”

The effects of oxygen–ozone therapy on regulatory T‐cell responses in multiple sclerosis patients

“…In another study by Lintas et al (2013), O 3 ‐AHT was investigated in MS patients. Accordingly, near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system was used to monitor the oxygenation in MS cases.…”

Low ozone concentrations stimulate cytoskeletal organization, mitochondrial activity and nuclear transcription

“…In particular, oxidative stress can induce mitochondrial fission, and ozone is known to cause alterations of the mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes. 23 , 24 However, low ROS concentrations can activate protective responses such as the expression of mtHsp70, 25 a member of the HSP70 protein family whose expression is affected by ozone exposure 26 and which is involved in multiple mitochondrial and extra-mitochondrial functions (reviews in 27 , 28 ). We actually observed that 10 µg O 3 /mL-treatment increased mitochondrial cristae length and mtHsp70 protein content, while 1 µg O 3 /mL-treatment led to a decrease in mitochondrial size and cristae length, and did not affect mtHsp70.…”