Time-based event expectancies in children with Autism spectrum disorder

Kunchulia, Marina; Tatishvili, Tamari; Lomidze, Nino; Parkosadze, Khatuna; Thomaschke, Roland

doi:10.1007/s00221-017-5024-2

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Our results show for the first time that humans are able to create TBEEs for stimuli of different modalities, thereby significantly extending previous studies restricted to the visual domain (Aufschnaiter, Kiesel, & Thomaschke, 2018; Aufschnaiter, Kiesel, Dreisbach, et al, 2018; Kunchulia et al, 2017; Thomaschke et al, 2011; Thomaschke & Dreisbach, 2013, 2015; Volberg & Thomaschke, 2017; Wagener & Hoffmann, 2010). Moreover, previous studies were typically designed to measure response time differences (see e.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…For analyses, we used Matlab 2017b (Mathworks Inc.) and JASP (v 13.0.0). To increase comparability across studies, we applied the most common outlier exclusion criteria as used in previous studies on TBEEs (Aufschnaiter, Kiesel, & Thomaschke, 2018; Aufschnaiter, Kiesel, Dreisbach, et al, 2018; Kunchulia et al, 2017; Thomaschke et al, 2011; Thomaschke & Dreisbach, 2013, 2015; Volberg & Thomaschke, 2017; Wagener & Hoffmann, 2010): for each condition we excluded RTs below and above 3 times the standard deviation around the mean and response times below 100 ms, resulting in an average exclusion of 2.3 ± 2.9 % of trials per condition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Context dependency of time-based event-related expectations for different modalities

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Andreca

Noesselt

2021

Preprint

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Expectations about the temporal occurrence of events (when) are often tied with the expectations about certain event-related properties (what and where) happening at these time points. For instance, slowly waking up in the morning we expect our alarm clock to go off; however, the longer we do not hear it the more likely we already missed it. However, most current evidence for complex time-based event-related expectations (TBEEs) is based on the visual modality. Here we tested whether TBEEs can also act cross-modally. To this end, visual and auditory stimulus streams were presented which contained early and late targets embedded among distractors (to maximise temporal target uncertainty). Foreperiod-modality-contingencies were manipulated run-wise so that visual targets either occurred early in 80% of trials and auditory targets occurred late in 80 % of trials or vice versa. Participants showed increased sensitivity for expected auditory early/visual late targets which increased over time while the opposite pattern was observed for visual early/auditory late targets. A benefit in reaction times was only found for auditory early trials. Together, this pattern of results suggests that context-dependent TBEEs for auditory targets after short foreperiods (be they correct or not) dominated and determined which modality became more expected at the late position irrespective of the veridical statistical regularity. Hence, TBEEs in cross-modal and uncertain environments are context-dependent, shaped by the dominant modality in temporal tasks (i.e. auditory) and only boost performance cross-modally when expectations about the event after the short foreperiod match with the run-wise context (i.e. auditory early/visual late).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Context dependency of time-based event-related expectations for different modalities

Ball

Andreca

Noesselt

2021

Preprint

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“…In a similar experiment with contrasting results, Manning, Kilner, Neil, Karaminis, and Pellicano [2017] found no intergroup differences in the process of learning and relearning color/reward associations. Two studies found that groups of ASD children were superior to NT children in learning associations between time interval durations and a binary outcome, as indicated by RT [Kunchulia, Tatishvili, Lomidze, Parkosadze, & Thomaschke, 2017; Kunchulia, Tatishvili, Parkosadze, Lomidze, & Thomaschke, 2020]. This evidence indicates that there is no general behavioral impairment in antecedent/consequence association learning in ASD, but there may be learning differences that depend on the value and salience of the association.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The RTs indicated their readiness for each specific stimulus and/or response, which indicated the extent to which they had predicted that stimulus and/or response. [Barzy et al, 2019; Deschrijver et al, 2016; Kunchulia et al, 2017, 2020; Lawson et al, 2017; Tam et al, 2017; Thillay et al, 2016].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The remaining three found increased modulation of RT by predictability in the ASD group. Kunchulia et al [2017] and [2020] found a greater decrease in RT when the outcome was predictable due to learned interval duration cues. Deschrijver et al [2016] found a greater increase in RT when the outcome was unpredictable due to violation of an expectation of object permanence, though RT trended weakly in the other direction when these expectations were based on observations from the perspective of an actor in the scene.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prediction in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review of Empirical Evidence

et al. 2021

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According to a recent influential proposal, several phenotypic features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be accounted for by differences in predictive skills between individuals with ASD and neurotypical individuals. In this systematic review, we describe results from 47 studies that have empirically tested this hypothesis. We assess the results based on two observable aspects of prediction: learning a pairing between an antecedent and a consequence and responding to an antecedent in a predictive manner. Taken together, these studies suggest distinct differences in both predictive learning and predictive response. Studies documenting differences in learning predictive pairings indicate challenges in detecting such relationships especially when predictive features of an antecedent have low salience or consistency, and studies showing differences in habituation and perceptual adaptation suggest low‐level predictive processing differences in ASD. These challenges may account for the observed differences in the influence of predictive priors, in spontaneous predictive movement or gaze, and in social prediction. An important goal for future research will be to better define and constrain the broad domain‐general hypothesis by testing multiple types of prediction within the same individuals. Additional promising avenues include studying prediction within naturalistic contexts and assessing the effect of prediction‐based intervention on supporting functional outcomes for individuals with ASD. Lay Summary Researchers have suggested that many features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be explained by differences in the prediction skills of people with ASD. We review results from 47 studies. These studies suggest that ASD may be associated with differences in the learning of predictive pairings (e.g., learning cause and effect) and in low‐level predictive processing in the brain (e.g., processing repeated sounds). These findings lay the groundwork for research that can improve our understanding of ASD and inform interventions. Autism Res 2021, 14: 604–630. © 2021 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC

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Rhythmic and interval‐based temporal orienting in autism

et al. 2023

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Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may show secondary sensory and cognitive characteristics, including differences in auditory processing, attention, and, according to a prominent hypothesis, the formulation and utilization of predictions. We explored the overlap of audition, attention, and prediction with an online auditory “temporal orienting” task in which participants utilized predictive timing cues (both rhythmic and interval‐based) to improve their detection of faint sounds. We compared an autistic (n = 78) with a nonautistic (n = 83) group, controlling for nonverbal IQ, and used signal detection measures and reaction times to evaluate the effect of valid temporally predictive cues. We hypothesized that temporal orienting would be compromised in autism, but this was not supported by the data: the boost in performance induced by predictability was practically identical for the two groups, except for the small subset of the ASD group with co‐occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, who received less benefit from interval‐based cueing. However, we found that the presence of a rhythm induced a significantly stronger bias toward reporting target detections in the ASD group at large, suggesting weakened response inhibition during rhythmic entrainment.

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Time-based event expectancies in children with Autism spectrum disorder

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Context dependency of time-based event-related expectations for different modalities

Context dependency of time-based event-related expectations for different modalities

Prediction in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review of Empirical Evidence

Rhythmic and interval‐based temporal orienting in autism

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