Time-Calibrated Phylogenies of Hummingbirds and Hummingbird-Pollinated Plants Reject a Hypothesis of Diffuse Co-Evolution

Tripp, Erin A.; McDade, Lucinda A.

doi:10.5642/aliso.20133102.05

Cited by 32 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…A similar relationship between hummingbird pollination and elevated diversification rates has been documented in other Neotropical clades (Kay et al. ; Tripp and McDade ; Givnish et al. ; Roalson and Roberts ; Iles et al.…”

supporting

confidence: 74%

Repeated evolution of vertebrate pollination syndromes in a recently diverged Andean plant clade

et al. 2017

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Although specialized interactions, including those involving plants and their pollinators, are often invoked to explain high species diversity, they are rarely explored at macroevolutionary scales. We investigate the dynamic evolution of hummingbird and bat pollination syndromes in the centropogonid clade (Lobelioideae: Campanulaceae), an Andean-centered group of ∼550 angiosperm species. We demonstrate that flowers hypothesized to be adapted to different pollinators based on flower color fall into distinct regions of morphospace, and this is validated by morphology of species with known pollinators. This supports the existence of pollination syndromes in the centropogonids, an idea corroborated by ecological studies. We further demonstrate that hummingbird pollination is ancestral, and that bat pollination has evolved ∼13 times independently, with ∼11 reversals. This convergence is associated with correlated evolution of floral traits within selective regimes corresponding to pollination syndrome. Collectively, our results suggest that floral morphological diversity is extremely labile, likely resulting from selection imposed by pollinators. Finally, even though this clade's rapid diversification is partially attributed to their association with vertebrate pollinators, we detect no difference in diversification rates between hummingbird- and bat-pollinated lineages. Our study demonstrates the utility of pollination syndromes as a proxy for ecological relationships in macroevolutionary studies of certain species-rich clades.

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supporting

confidence: 74%

Repeated evolution of vertebrate pollination syndromes in a recently diverged Andean plant clade

et al. 2017

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“…We explored impacts of phylogenetic uncertainty by repeating diversification rate analyses of the bird-adapted and bee-adapted datasets on 100 randomly chosen trees from a Bayesian posterior distribution (presented in [18]); results were consistent with tests conducted on the MCC tree and thus only results from the latter are presented.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Disentangling geographical, biotic, and abiotic drivers of plant diversity in neotropical Ruellia (Acanthaceae)

Tripp

Tsai

2017

PLoS ONE

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It has long been hypothesized that biotic interactions are important drivers of biodiversity evolution, yet such interactions have been relatively less studied than abiotic factors owing to the inherent complexity in and the number of types of such interactions. Amongst the most prominent of biotic interactions worldwide are those between plants and pollinators. In the Neotropics, the most biodiverse region on Earth, hummingbird and bee pollination have contributed substantially to plant fitness. Using comparative methods, we test the macroevolutionary consequences of bird and bee pollination within a species rich lineage of flowering plants: Ruellia. We additionally explore impacts of species occupancy of ever-wet rainforests vs. dry ecosystems including cerrado and seasonally dry tropical forests. We compared outcomes based on two different methods of model selection: a traditional approach that utilizes a series of transitive likelihood ratio tests as well as a weighted model averaging approach. Analyses yield evidence for increased net diversification rates among Neotropical Ruellia (compared to Paleotropical lineages) as well as among hummingbird-adapted species. In contrast, we recovered no evidence of higher diversification rates among either bee- or non-bee-adapted lineages and no evidence for higher rates among wet or dry habitat lineages. Understanding fully the factors that have contributed to biases in biodiversity across the planet will ultimately depend upon incorporating knowledge of biotic interactions as well as connecting microevolutionary processes to macroevolutionary patterns.

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“…By building new genomic resources for R. speciosa , this study facilitates future investigation of Asterid evolution, particular with respect to flower colour production. Additionally, this new resource may facilitate future investigation of the genomic architecture of evolutionary intermediates (sensu Stebbins 129 ), as R. speciosa is member to a clade that demonstrates a clear transition from bee to hummingbird to bat pollination and has features intermediate between the latter two stages 18 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The draft genome ofRuellia speciosa(Beautiful Wild Petunia: Acanthaceae)

Zhuang

Tripp

2017

DNA Res

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The genus Ruellia (Wild Petunias; Acanthaceae) is characterized by an enormous diversity of floral shapes and colours manifested among closely related species. Using Illumina platform, we reconstructed the draft genome of Ruellia speciosa, with a scaffold size of 1,021 Mb (or ∼1.02 Gb) and an N50 size of 17,908 bp, spanning ∼93% of the estimated genome (∼1.1 Gb). The draft assembly predicted 40,124 gene models and phylogenetic analyses of four key enzymes involved in anthocyanin colour production [flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H), flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase (F3′5′H), and dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR)] found that most angiosperms here sampled harboured at least one copy of F3H, F3′H, and DFR. In contrast, fewer than one-half (but including R. speciosa) harboured a copy of F3′5′H, supporting observations that blue flowers and/or fruits, which this enzyme is required for, are less common among flowering plants. Ka/Ks analyses of duplicated copies of F3′H and DFR in R. speciosa suggested purifying selection in the former but detected evidence of positive selection in the latter. The genome sequence and annotation of R. speciosa represents only one of only four families sequenced in the large and important Asterid clade of flowering plants and, as such, will facilitate extensive future research on this diverse group, particularly with respect to floral evolution.

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Time-Calibrated Phylogenies of Hummingbirds and Hummingbird-Pollinated Plants Reject a Hypothesis of Diffuse Co-Evolution

Cited by 32 publications

References 65 publications

Repeated evolution of vertebrate pollination syndromes in a recently diverged Andean plant clade

Repeated evolution of vertebrate pollination syndromes in a recently diverged Andean plant clade

Disentangling geographical, biotic, and abiotic drivers of plant diversity in neotropical Ruellia (Acanthaceae)

The draft genome ofRuellia speciosa(Beautiful Wild Petunia: Acanthaceae)

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