Time, change, and motion: The effects of stimulus movement on temporal perception

Brown, Scott W.

doi:10.3758/bf03211853

Cited by 282 publications

(331 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However, the impact of effort on perceived duration need not be experiential, as stimuli that allude to motion, action, or exertion also elongate perceived durations. For example, faster moving non-biological stimuli are perceived to last longer than slower moving stimuli (Brown, 1995;Kaneko & Murakami, 2009), and the perceived duration of images of ballet dancer statues are lengthened when the poses reflected greater levels of exertion (Nather, Bueno, Bigand & Droit-Volet, 2011). The elongation of subjective time as a result of effort are also found for mental activity.…”

Section: Effort Disrupts Implicit Agencymentioning

confidence: 98%

Physical and mental effort disrupts the implicit sense of agency

2016

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We investigated the effect of effort on implicit agency ascription for actions performed under varying levels of physical effort or cognitive load. People are able to estimate the interval between two events accurately, but they underestimate the interval between their own actions and their outcomes. This effect is known as 'intentional binding', and may provide feedback regarding the consequences of our actions. Concurrently with the interval reproduction task, our participants pulled sports resistance bands at high and low resistance levels (Experiments 1 and 2), or performed a working memory task with high and low set-sizes (Experiment 3).Intentional binding was greater under low than high effort. When the effort was task-related (Experiment 1), this effect depended on the individual's explicit appraisal of exertion, while the effect of effort was evident at the group level when the effort was task-unrelated (physical, Experiment 2; mental, Experiment 3). These findings imply that the process of intentional binding is compromised when cognitive resources are depleted, either through physical or mental strain. We discuss this notion in relation to the integration of direct sensorimotor feedback with signals of agency and other instances of cognitive resource depletion and action control during strain.Keywords: Sense of agency, temporal binding, intentional binding, experience of effort, time perception. EFFORT DISRUPTS IMPLICIT AGENCY 3 Physical and mental effort disrupts the implicit sense of agencyIt is important that the human motor system can efficiently process events which are the result of its own actions, and to discriminate these from events in the world for which it is not responsible. For instance, if I kick a ball and it knocks over and smashes a vase of flowers, I know my action of kicking the ball was responsible for the vase smashing. Selfauthored events like this tend to be easy to identify and this feeling that 'I did it' is known as a sense of agency. Some actions are more effortful than others; kicking a ball as hard as one can might break a vase, but so might brushing one's arm against it as one walks past it precariously positioned near the edge of a table. Both these actions have the same outcome, but might require the action monitoring system to respond differently in order to correctly ascribe agency. Here, we tested the role of physical and mental effort on the ascription of sense of agency, using an implicit measure.

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Section: Effort Disrupts Implicit Agencymentioning

confidence: 98%

Physical and mental effort disrupts the implicit sense of agency

2016

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“…Brown (1995) sugeriu que essas diferenças são também devidas à sofisticação das técnicas metodológicas empregadas. Segundo o autor, para análise e interpretação de estudos de percepção de movimento deve-se levar em consideração: os tipos de estímu-los usados (pontos, círculos, manchas, etc.…”

Section: A Percepção Visual Do Movimento Bidimensionalunclassified

“…No paradigma prospectivo, uma série de experimentos com imagens de quadrados exibidos numa tela de alta resolução mostraram que os estímulos parados foram julgados apuradamente, e os em movimento superestimados (Brown, 1995). Quanto mais rápidos os estímulos, maiores foram as superestimações temporais: os movimentos rápidos alongaram a percepção temporal em maior proporção que os menos velozes, algo provavelmente modulado pela duração dos estímulos.…”

Section: O Tempo Subjetivo Em Imagens Em Movimentounclassified

“…Entretanto, apesar de no seu transcorrer os estímulos mais rápidos conterem mais mudanças que os mais lentos, o número de estímulos usados num mesmo experimento suscitou uma limitada influência nos julgamentos de tempo. Independentemente desses fatos, intervalos curtos tendem a ser superestimados e os longos subestimados, mesmo utilizando distintos métodos de estimação temporal (Brown, 1995).…”

Section: O Tempo Subjetivo Em Imagens Em Movimentounclassified

“…Imagens estáticas vêm sendo empregadas em estudos de percepção subjetiva de tempo, visando comparar como ocorre a sua percepção em relação a imagens que apresentam movimentos em diferentes intensidades (Brown, 1995;Predebon, 2002a;Predebon 2002b). Entretanto, não têm sido encontrados, na literatura de tempo subjetivo, dados a respeito de como imagens estáticas que representam algum movimento podem afetar a estimação temporal dos sujeitos.…”

Section: O Tempo Subjetivo Em Imagens Estáticasunclassified

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Tempo subjetivo e percepção de movimento em obras de arte

Nather

Bueno

2006

Estud. psicol. (Natal)

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ResumoO estudo de imagens em movimento e de imagens estáticas que representam algum movimento contribui para o esclarecimento do papel do tempo como modulador da experiência humana. Diferentes formas de representar ou induzir movimento em estímulos ou distintas obras das artes visuais devem envolver não somente técnicas específicas, mas diferentes formas de interação que só ocorrem quando se dá o encontro entre obra e expectador. A percepção de movimento, muito provavelmente, não está confinada a uma simples decomposição ou soma das suas grandezas constituintes (tempo, espaço e velocidade), pois na sua cognição estão combinadas sensações e percepções internas e externas, que ocorrem em sistemas e níveis perceptuais distintos. Entretanto, processos correlatos devem responder pela percepção de movimentos reais, induzidos e representados. Sendo oriundo da intersecção espaço-temporal, a utilização do movimento em pesquisas de estética experimental pode contribuir para o esclarecimento dos processos que atuam na percepção subjetiva de tempo.Palavras-chave: tempo subjetivo; movimento; imagens; artes plásticas AbstractSubjective time and perception of movement in art works. The study of images in movement as well as those static images, which represent some movement, contributes to the understanding of the role of time as a modulator of the human experience. Different forms of representing and inducing movement in stimuli or in distinct works of visual art shall involve not only specific techniques, but different forms of interaction which only occur when there is an encounter between the work of art and the spectator. The perception of movement, probably, is not confined to a unique decomposition or sum of its constituent greatnesses (time, space and speed), thus in its cognition the internal and external sensations and perceptions are combined, which occur in distinct systems and perceptual systems. Nevertheless, correlated processes shall respond by the perception of real movements, induced and represented ones. Having come from the intersection of temporal space, the utilization of movement in studies of experimental aesthetics can contribute to the understanding of the processes that act in the subjective perception of time.Key words: subjective time; movement; images; visual arts U ma maneira de explicar o fenômeno estético é por meio da estética psicobiológica, na qual está inserida a estética experimental, originalmente definida por Gustav Fechner em 1876. A visão mais contemporânea da estética, a Nova Estética Experimental (Berlyne, 1974) estabelece como estudar obras de arte ou outros fenômenos estéticos, por meio de experiências que analisam as reações dos sujeitos aos estímulos artísticos. Esta área de pesquisa se caracteriza especialmente pela análise das relações entre variáveis independentes (trechos musicais, pinturas, desenhos, etc.) e variáveis dependentes (relatos verbais, medidas psicofisiológicas e comportamentais, etc.). Tais análises experimentais comportam, também, elementos teóricos importantes...

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Acknowledging and understanding the contributions of nature to human sense of time

Correia

2024

People and Nature

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There is growing evidence that interacting and connecting with nature are essential to maintain human health and well‐being. The benefits of specific nature experiences and the cultural ecosystem services they provide are increasingly being recognized, but many others remain to be discovered and explored. In this perspective piece, I argue that there is a need to better explore the pivotal role of nature experiences in shaping human time perception—our sense of time. Specifically, I outline the main elements of human time perception and the key factors that shape it, describe recent evidence showing that human time perception changes between urban and natural environments and discuss the potential societal gains from developing a better understanding of this relationship. Human time perception is complex and involves at least three key dimensions related to temporal succession, temporal duration and temporal perspective. Time perception is shaped by various contextual factors, including the contents of the time period and the cognitive, emotional and bodily characteristics of the experiencer. There is growing evidence that nature experiences can influence human sense of time by (i) extending human perception of temporal duration and (ii) shifting time perspectives. People who spend time in nature tend to overestimate the length of that experience and show a more positive outlook of the past, present and future, with less focus on a single‐time perspective. In the context of increasing time scarcity in modern urban societies with dire consequences for human health and well‐being, I argue we need a better understanding of how nature experiences shape our sense of time and suggest how future research can provide actionable insights to help restore a healthier and more balanced relationship with time and nature. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

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Time, change, and motion: The effects of stimulus movement on temporal perception

Cited by 282 publications

References 52 publications

Physical and mental effort disrupts the implicit sense of agency

Physical and mental effort disrupts the implicit sense of agency

Tempo subjetivo e percepção de movimento em obras de arte

Acknowledging and understanding the contributions of nature to human sense of time

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