Time course of nitric oxide production after endotoxin challenge in mice

Braulio, Valéria Bender; Have, G. A. M. Ten; Vissers, Yvonne L. J.; Deutz, N.E.P.

doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00540.2003

Cited by 25 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Because the arterial plasma L-citrulline and L-arginine values were, respectively, 50 and 30% lower in the previous study, the present study indicates that the exogenous L-glutamine dosage might have suppressed the metabolic turnover of L-citrulline and L-arginine. This finding is in agreement with the observation that the large dose of L- [2-15 N]glutamine or L-alanyl-L- [2-15 N]glutamine probably suppressed the turnover of L-glutamine when compared with the observed turnover of 245 nmol⅐10 g Ϫ1 ⅐min Ϫ1 L-glutamine by Braulio et al (8). Summarized and compared with the other experiments (8,17), the results from this study might indicate that the plasma concentrations of L-glutamine, enhanced by the exogenous supply of labeled L-glutamine, L-arginine, and L-citrulline, regulate the metabolic turnover of the respective amino acids independently of precursor supply.…”

Section: W B R a Of L-glutamine L-citrulline And L-argininesupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Mouse characteristics are shown in Table 1. The mice received a primed, constant, and continuous infusion of L-alanyl-L- [2-15 N]glutamine (dipeptide groups) in series 1 or L- [2-15 N]glutamine (free L-glutamine groups) in series 2, simultaneously with L-[ureido- 13 (8), who also studied the turnover of L-glutamine in mice from the same trunk as ours, giving labeled L-glutamine in a tracer dose, established the whole body rate of appearance of L-glutamine to be ϳ1,470 mol ⅐ kg Ϫ1 ⅐ h Ϫ1 . Assuming that this figure represents the real turnover of L-glutamine in mice, it is almost six times higher than the turnover of L-glutamine in humans, which is ϳ260 mol ⅐ kg Ϫ1 ⅐ h Ϫ1 (35).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A primed, constant, and continuous infusion of stable isotopes (Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Andover, MA; the dipeptide tracer was a kind gift of Prof. D. E. Matthews, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT) was given ( Fig. 1 for this experiment (8). Amino acid concentrations and tracer-to-tracee ratios (TTRs) were determined in deproteinized plasma, as previously described (37).…”

Section: Tracer Infusion Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lowest production of de novo L-citrulline from L-glutamine was seen in the intravenous dipeptide group when quantitatively compared with the other groups. The tracer conversion of L- [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] N]glutamine to L- [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] N]citrulline was found to represent between 10 and 20% of the total de novo L-citrulline synthesis from L-glutamine (Table 4).…”

Section: Conversion From L-glutamine To L-citrulline (Qgln3 Cit)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Route of administration (enteral or parenteral) affects the contribution of l-glutamine to de novo l-arginine synthesis in mice: a stable-isotope study

Boelens¹,

Melis²,

Leeuwen³

et al. 2006

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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A pathway from enteral L-glutamine as substrate for L-arginine synthesis is suggested by previous studies. L-Glutamine and L-glutamine dipeptides exhibit numerous beneficial effects in experimental and clinical studies. In trauma patients, enteral L-glutamine supply increased plasma L-arginine. The present study was designed to quantify the contribution of L-glutamine to the de novo L-citrulline and L-arginine synthesis in mice when L-glutamine is administered in a high dose of labeled L-glutamine or L-alanyl-L-glutamine by the enteral or parenteral route. For this purpose, male Swiss mice (n ϭ 43) underwent a laparotomy, and catheters were inserted for sampling and infusion. A primed, constant, and L-[2-15 N]glutamine and L-alanyl-L-[2-15 N]glutamine were given by enteral or parenteral route. The contribution of L-glutamine to the de novo synthesis of L-citrulline and L-arginine was higher in the enteral groups when compared with the intravenous groups (P Ͻ 0.005). Therefore, the route of administration (enteral or parenteral) affects the contribution of L-glutamine, provided as free molecule or dipeptide, to the de novo synthesis of L-arginine in mice.L-glutamine; L-arginine; enteral nutrition; parenteral nutrition; surgery L-GLUTAMINE IS AN IMPORTANT AMINO ACID during a metabolic stress such as surgery (7). During metabolic stress, L-glutamine concentrations in plasma and muscle fall sharply due to increased requirements (3, 4, 19, 28 -31). These low plasma L-glutamine concentrations are associated with poor clinical outcome (27). Fortunately, many clinical studies show that exogenous L-glutamine, as in L-glutamine-enriched parenteral or enteral formulas, improve recovery of the patient by reducing the number of infectious complications and the "6-mo mortality" (14,15,21,40). The exact mechanism behind the beneficial effects of L-glutamine remains to be clarified.The suggested metabolic pathway from L-glutamine through L-citrulline into L-arginine indicates that L-glutamine could serve as a substrate for intestinal L-citrulline production and that L-citrulline could serve as a substrate for renal L-arginine production (11, 39). L-Arginine is known to be the physiological precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide, which has been identified as the endothelium-dependent relaxing factor, a mediator of immune responses, a neurotransmitter, and a signaling molecule (9). The clinical relevance of L-arginine itself is also well established (25).It is conceivable that the beneficial effects of L-glutamine are exerted partially by its contribution to L-arginine production. The relationship between L-glutamine and L-arginine was already suggested from the results of a double-blind, randomized trial performed by our group (21), providing free L-glutamineenriched enteral nutrition or an isonitrogenous and isocaloric control nutrition to severely injured trauma patients. Plasma L-arginine concentrations increased in the patients who received L-glutamine-enriched nutrition compared with the control group (21). In the maj...

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Section: W B R a Of L-glutamine L-citrulline And L-argininesupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tracer Infusion Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conversion From L-glutamine To L-citrulline (Qgln3 Cit)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Route of administration (enteral or parenteral) affects the contribution of l-glutamine to de novo l-arginine synthesis in mice: a stable-isotope study

Boelens¹,

Melis²,

Leeuwen³

et al. 2006

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In experimental models of sepsis, NO produced by either eNOS or iNOS begins to increase at 2 hrs following lipopolysaccharide injection, and is maximal at 4-6 hours after initial infection [129,130]. iNOS generates much larger quantities of NO than either nNOS or eNOS.…”

Section: Sepsis Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrite and Nitric Oxide as Potential Diagnostic Markers in Acute Vascular Diseases

Silver¹

2011

J Neurol Neurophysiol

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Methods using stable isotopes to measure nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in the l-arginine/NO pathway in health and disease

Eijk

Luiking

Deutz

2007

Journal of Chromatography B

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Time course of nitric oxide production after endotoxin challenge in mice

Abstract: Braulio, Valeria B., Gabrie A. M. Ten Have, Yvonne L. J. Vissers, and Nicolaas E. P. Deutz. Time course of nitric oxide production after endotoxin challenge in mice.

Cited by 25 publications

References 44 publications

Route of administration (enteral or parenteral) affects the contribution of l-glutamine to de novo l-arginine synthesis in mice: a stable-isotope study

Route of administration (enteral or parenteral) affects the contribution of l-glutamine to de novo l-arginine synthesis in mice: a stable-isotope study

Nitrite and Nitric Oxide as Potential Diagnostic Markers in Acute Vascular Diseases

Methods using stable isotopes to measure nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in the l-arginine/NO pathway in health and disease

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