Time Cues for Semilunar Reproduction Rhythms in European Populations of Clunio Marinus. I. The Influence of Tidal Cycles of Mechanical Disturbance

Neumann, Dietrich; Heimbach, Fred

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-023217-1.50061-8

Cited by 26 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Perhaps the best-known example of a moon-related phenotype in insects is the semi-lunar emergence rhythms in the marine midge, C. marinus ( figure 4 c ) , first studied by Neumann and collaborators 50 years ago (e.g. [ 40 ]). During full and new moon, millions of males and females of the midge emerge from the sea as low tide exposes the habitats where they have developed from eggs to pupae ( figure 4 c ).…”

Section: Molecular Studies Of Tidal Rhythmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine biorhythms: bridging chronobiology and ecology

Bulla

Oudman

Bijleveld

et al. 2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Marine organisms adapt to complex temporal environments that include daily, tidal, semi-lunar, lunar and seasonal cycles. However, our understanding of marine biological rhythms and their underlying molecular basis is mainly confined to a few model organisms in rather simplistic laboratory settings. Here, we use new empirical data and recent examples of marine biorhythms to highlight how field ecologists and laboratory chronobiologists can complement each other's efforts. First, with continuous tracking of intertidal shorebirds in the field, we reveal individual differences in tidal and circadian foraging rhythms. Second, we demonstrate that shorebird species that spend 8–10 months in tidal environments rarely maintain such tidal or circadian rhythms during breeding, likely because of other, more pertinent, temporally structured, local ecological pressures such as predation or social environment. Finally, we use examples of initial findings from invertebrates (arthropods and polychaete worms) that are being developed as model species to study the molecular bases of lunar-related rhythms. These examples indicate that canonical circadian clock genes (i.e. the homologous clock genes identified in many higher organisms) may not be involved in lunar/tidal phenotypes. Together, our results and the examples we describe emphasize that linking field and laboratory studies is likely to generate a better ecological appreciation of lunar-related rhythms in the wild.This article is part of the themed issue ‘Wild clocks: integrating chronobiology and ecology to understand timekeeping in free-living animals’.

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Section: Molecular Studies Of Tidal Rhythmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine biorhythms: bridging chronobiology and ecology

Bulla

Oudman

Bijleveld

et al. 2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…simulierten Gezeitenbedingungen (vgl. auch Neumann & Heimbach, 1979). Bei den niedrigen Fdihjahrstemperaturen ergab sich dagegen zwischen Labor-und Freilandbefunden eine deutliche Diskrepanz.…”

Section: Die Temperaturabh~ingigkeit Der Schliipfrhythmenunclassified

The temperature dependence of semilunar and diurnal eclosion rhythms in the intertidal midgeClunio marinus (Diptera, Chironomidae)

Kruger

Neumann

1983

Helgolander Meeresunters

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The temperature dependence of semilunar and diurnal eclosion rhythms in the intertidal midge Clunio mariuus (Diptera, Chironomidae). On Helgoland (North Sea), the imagines of Clunio emerge during two seasonal periods (late spring and summer) from water temperatures of 8°-18 °C. The temperature dependence of the known semilunar eclosion rhythm of Clunio (correlated in nature with the spring tides every 14-15 days) was tested in the laboratory. Between 15 ° and 23 °C the semilunar eclosion maxima varied by only one day within the artifical 15-day zeitgebercycle, below 15 °C they were delayed up to 8 days at 8 °C. However, the days of pupation were approximately independent of the temperature level. One can conclude the existence of a temperature-independent physiological switch inducing the pupation only within a few days of the semilunar zeitgeber-cycle. Moreover, a semilunar synchronized differentiation of the imaginal discs already starts in the preceding larval instal indicating an additional physiological switch. A model is suggested in which the semilunar eclosiou rhythm and its relatively slight temperature dependence is explained by the action of two physiological switches which are coupled with the endogenous temperature-compensated lunar timing mechanism on the same days of the 15-day zeitgeber-cycle. In the laboratory, the diurnal eclosion and its underlying circadian timing mechanism (correlated on Helgoland with the time of spring low water in the late afternoon) also proved to be temperature independent between 12 ° and 20 °C. A comparison of field and laboratory data showed very similar results at temperatures around 18 °C (summer swarming period). In contrast, the midges emerged on all days of the semimonthly cycle of springs and neaps during the spring swarming period. This lack of semilunar synchronization may be the consequence of fluctuating temperatures during the larval and pupal development in spring time due to a general rise in the water temperature (4~-8 °C) and to short temperature rises up to 18 °C during exposure of the intertidal habitat at about low tide. Since some higher parts of the Clunio habitat suitable for egg deposition are exposed on almost every day of the semimonthly cycle, even such animals that undergo lunar unsynchronized metamorphosis can reproduce within the short imaginal life duration (ca 2 h) if they emerge just about the time of low water. In correspondence with the daily delay in the times of low water by about 50 min, the diurnal eclosion rhythm was in fact modified with the tides during the spring period resulting in shifts of the diurnal eclosion time of up to 12 hours within the semimonthly cycle of springs and neaps. EINLEITUNG

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“…At these latitudes, a tidal disturbance pattern in combination with the 24 h daynight-period (resulting in identical phase relations every 14.7 d) entrain the circasemilunar rhythms of eclosion of Clunio marinus (Neumann 1976b). Temperature cycles that are caused by tides along with the 24 h light -dark cycle also act as cues that control the semilunar eclosion of a Norwegian population of C. marinus (Neumann & Heimbach 1984). The involvement of multiple and a combination of factors must be an adaptation in which single factors do not always reliably synchronize eclosion.…”

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confidence: 99%

Short-lived intertidal midge Pontomyia oceana have semilunar eclosion rhythm entrained by night light

Soong

Lee²,

Chang³

2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Semilunar or lunar rhythms are common in intertidal organisms. Some are controlled by endogenous oscillators that are entrained by environmental factors. This study investigates whether the semilunar eclosion rhythm of the short-lived (~1 mo) marine midge Pontomyia oceana may be controlled by a night-light entrained endogenous rhythm. Mating midges were collected in southern Taiwan. Their fertilized eggs and larvae were cultured following various treatments in the laboratory until eclosion. A cohort, i.e. those fertilized on the same evening, later exhibited, under different light conditions without lunar cues, 2 modes in eclosion days. The periods of the circasemilunar eclosion rhythms under the no-cue conditions were between 12 to 15 d. Four successive evenings of nightlight synchronized the eclosion of midges into 2 concentrated peaks. Shifting the evenings of the entraining night-light resulted in a shift in the evenings of eclosion, although the degree of response was only ~50%. Night light in the first few days of life also had a concentration effect. Damping of the rhythm depended on the days in the life cycle during which the night-light was applied. The circasemilunar period of the rhythm was resistant to environmental changes as demonstrated by the low Q 10 estimated from temperature treatments. This is the most short-lived species with demonstrated endogenous semilunar rhythm. 433: 121-130, 2011 Entrainment of cyclic activities is a property of the clock mechanisms in which shifting the timing of the entraining factors causes corresponding changes of the associated activities (marine midge: Neumann & Heimbach 1985, Saigusa 1988, Neumann 1995 polychaete: Last et al. 2009). Unlike a simple direct cue in which responses are immediately released, entrainment, at least in circadian rhythms, commonly requires a few cycles before the phase of the endogenous rhythms is completely synchronized with the new external environment. Jet-lag in humans exemplifies such characteristics (Sack et al. 2007). KEY WORDS: Circasemilunar rhythm · Biological clock · Intertidal insect · Emergence · Entrainment · Temperature compensation · Endogenous rhythm Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog SerTemperature compensation is a feature of biological clocks, and it refers to mechanisms by which the periods of endogenous rhythms remain roughly constant across various temperatures (Pittendrigh 1954, Hastings & Sweeney 1957. The Q 10 , or the proportion increase in metabolic rates for every 10°C increase in temperature, is generally between 2 and 3 for most other metabolic activities (see Rao & Bullock 1954), but may be close to unity in clock-controlled mechanisms. A few cases of temperature compensation in endogenous circasemilunar rhythms have been shown (such as in polychaete: Franke 1985; marine midge: Neumann 1988, Neumann & Spindler 1991 and fish: Hsiao & Meier 1992).Among species that have been examined in relation to lunar rhythms, marine midges (with a sho...

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Time Cues for Semilunar Reproduction Rhythms in European Populations of Clunio Marinus. I. The Influence of Tidal Cycles of Mechanical Disturbance

Cited by 26 publications

References 10 publications

Marine biorhythms: bridging chronobiology and ecology

Marine biorhythms: bridging chronobiology and ecology

The temperature dependence of semilunar and diurnal eclosion rhythms in the intertidal midgeClunio marinus (Diptera, Chironomidae)

Short-lived intertidal midge Pontomyia oceana have semilunar eclosion rhythm entrained by night light

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