Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), such as blast-furnace slag, 1 fly ash (FA), 2 natural pozzolans, 3 calcined clays, 4 and silica fumes, 5 have been investigated as partial replacements for Portland cement (PC) in concrete mixes. FA, a by-product of coal, is one of the main SCMs, and has been studied extensively. 6 Using FA as a partial replacement for PC allows for recycling of the industrial by-products, effectively reduces carbon emissions from cement production, and confers durability to concrete. 7 According to ASTM C618, there are two types of FA, namely Class F and Class C, which are defined based on their contents of silicates and CaO. While Class F is the main type of FA currently produced, it does not possess cementitious characteristics. 8 However, the siliceous and