Time-dependent in situ measurement of atmospheric corrosion rates of duplex stainless steel wires

Örnek, Cem; Léonard, Fabien; McDonald, S.A.; Prajapati, Anuj; Withers, Philip J.; Engelberg, Dirk

doi:10.1038/s41529-018-0030-9

Cited by 39 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Selective dissolution is less harmful than metal perforation, which creates corrosion cavities with occluded nasty electrochemistry. The corrosion sites of the selectively corroded wire were not deep as earlier observed on the same metal subjected to atmospheric corrosion for up to two years [26]. Selective corrosion -The corrosion nature of both phases depends not only on the potential differences between the two phases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The material investigated was grade 22Cr-5Ni duplex stainless steel wire [26] with a diameter of 630 µm and nominal composition of 22.5Cr, 5.5Ni, 3Mo, 1.5Mn, 0.5Si, 0.18N and further other alloying elements. The wire was electropolished in a mixture solution of 20% perchloric acid and 80% ethanol at 0°C to remove residual surface stresses and achieve a smooth surface to facilitate surface characterisation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it remained unknown whether the perforated sites are related to either the ferrite or austenite in duplex stainless steel. The ferrite phase is usually more active in chloride-containing electrolytes for grades containing ≥22% Cr and ≥5% Ni with high nitrogen contents (≥0.18% N) [10,14,15,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. In chloride near-neutral and acidic solutions, the breakdown and re-passivation potentials of the ferrite phase is usually on the order of 40-70 mV lower than the austenite phases [11,16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding Corrosion Morphology of Duplex Stainless Steel Wire in Chloride Electrolyte

Örnek¹,

Davut²,

Kocabaş³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The corrosion morphology in grade 2205 duplex stainless steel wire has been studied to understand the nature of pitting and the causes of the ferrite phase's selective corrosion in acidic NaCl solution. It is shown that the corrosion mechanism is always pitting, which either manifests lacy cover perforation or densely-arrayed selective cavities developing on the ferrite phase. Pits with a lacy metal cover form in concentrated chloride solutions, whereas the ferrite phase's selective corrosion develops in diluted electrolytes, showing dependency on the chloride-ion concentration. The pit perforation is probabilistic and occurs on both austenite and ferrite grains. The lacy metal covers collapse in concentrated solutions but remain intact in diluted electrolytes. The collapse of the lacy metal cover happens due to hydrogen embrittlement. Pit evolution is deterministic and occurs selectively in the ferrite phase in light chloride solutions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Understanding Corrosion Morphology of Duplex Stainless Steel Wire in Chloride Electrolyte

Örnek¹,

Davut²,

Kocabaş³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The ferrite phase, typically, corrodes selectively in neutral and acidic chloride-bearing media [10,15,[26][27][28][29]. Ferrite forms the net anode, while austenite is the net cathode in chloride environments [14,15,25,27,30,31], but this is the opposite in sulphuric acid media [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Corrosion Morphology of Duplex Stainless Steel Wire in Chloride Electrolyte

Örnek

Davut

Kocabaş

et al. 2021

CMD

Self Cite

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The corrosion morphology in grade 2205 duplex stainless steel wire was studied to understand the nature of pitting and the causes of the ferrite phase’s selective corrosion in acidic (pH 3) NaCl solutions at 60 °C. It is shown that the corrosion mechanism is always pitting, which either manifests lacy cover perforation or densely arrayed selective cavities developing selectively on the ferrite phase. Pits with a lacy metal cover form in concentrated chloride solutions, whereas the ferrite phase’s selective corrosion develops in diluted electrolytes, showing dependency on the chloride-ion concentration. The pit perforation is probabilistic and occurs on both austenite and ferrite grains. The lacy metal covers collapse in concentrated solutions but remain intact in diluted electrolytes. The collapse of the lacy metal cover happens due to hydrogen embrittlement. Pit evolution is deterministic and occurs selectively in the ferrite phase in light chloride solutions.

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“…The use of X-ray computed tomography to visualize the corrosion progress can overcome this shortcoming. 4 Mass gain measurements can be used to estimate the amount of corrosion that has occurred on the sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respirometric In-Situ Methods for Real-Time Monitoring of Corrosion Rates: Part I. Atmospheric Corrosion

Strebl¹,

Bruns²,

Virtanen³

2019

Preprint

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A novel respirometric approach to monitor atmospheric corrosion kinetics is presented. Simultaneous real-time monitoring of the H2 evolution reaction (HER) and the O2 reduction reaction (ORR) is possible with a combination of optical O2 sensor measurements with gravimetric volume sensitive techniques or pressure sensor based techniques in closed chambers. The respirometric method is a universal, non-destructive tool applicable to any metal or alloy. It shows a high sensitivity for low corrosion rates and has a high time-resolution. Different examples of relevant engineering metals and alloys will be provided. Mass loss validation measurements carried out at the end of exposure show a good correlation with the total recorded cathodic charge. For metals with different oxidation states the average valency in the corrosion products can be calculated from the cathodic charge together with mass loss. The versatility of the novel monitoring technique is further demonstrated by studying the influence of wet-dry cycling, temperature steps or changes in the gas composition in-situ. The rate of HER, ORR and total corrosion rate during these changing exposure conditions can be tracked directly on the same sample. Overall the new method contributes to bridging the gap between lab tests, accelerated testing and field exposure.

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Time-dependent in situ measurement of atmospheric corrosion rates of duplex stainless steel wires

Cited by 39 publications

References 55 publications

Understanding Corrosion Morphology of Duplex Stainless Steel Wire in Chloride Electrolyte

Understanding Corrosion Morphology of Duplex Stainless Steel Wire in Chloride Electrolyte

Understanding Corrosion Morphology of Duplex Stainless Steel Wire in Chloride Electrolyte

Respirometric In-Situ Methods for Real-Time Monitoring of Corrosion Rates: Part I. Atmospheric Corrosion

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