“…Therefore, the offshore Renminbi (CNH/USD), quoted also by the Swiss forex bank Dukascopy from July 2, 2012 is here used. There, in addition, already also exist quantitative studies documenting that the three RMB markets, including the third one existing, offshore RMB non-deliverable forward market (NDF market), largely cointegrate after the reform (Xu et al, 2017;Ruan et al, 2019). Collection of the corresponding charts illustrating price p(t) changes of all the instruments considered in the present study is depicted in Fig.…”