Time Diversity Gain Analysis for Earth to Satellite Link Based on Measured Rain Rate

Alam, Moktarul; Rafiqul, Islam Md.; Badron, Khairayu; Dyana, A; Lwas, Ali Kadhim; Dao, Hassaan

doi:10.1109/iccce.2018.8539317

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…where A(x)=The attenuation measured at a particular distance, K A =coefficient at water temperature of 20 • C, R = the measured rain rate time series definition, α a = coefficient for drop size distribution at 20 • C, ξ =The distance of the satellite path, K B = coefficient at water temperature of 0 • C and α a = coefficient for drop size distribution at 0 • C. It is initiated by a certain attenuation in the case of satellite paths [17]. The Inverse Fourier transform on spatial variation of attenuation A(x) in Equation ( 1) is applied and the time variation of attenuation A(t) is derived in Equation (2).…”

Section: A(x) = Kmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The observed rain rate at any percentage is computed using Rm to determine R m %p. Using the formula (17), get the average value of c.…”

Section: Modelling Of Time Diversity Gainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The values of a=0.65, b=0.035, and c = 0.30 were calculated using equations (15)(16)(17). The constant value is provided in equation ( 18) to derive the function m(T).…”

Section: Modelling Of Time Diversity Gainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The predicted rain attenuation with time delays are used to calculate time diversity gain at any desired frequency for the SST observation in the tropical area (Malaysia).All related studies have used measured rain attenuation data with a time delay to investigate time diversity gain and provided improvement [15]. However, most of this data are unavailable, particularly in the Ka and V-bands, which must be constructed for future highly dependable communication systems [16], [17], [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Prediction of Time Diversity Gain for Earth-to-Satellite Microwave Link Design Based on Real Time Rain Intensity Measurement

et al. 2023

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The propagation impairments by rain strongly affect the earth-to-satellite links operating at frequencies higher than 18 GHz mainly due to the severe performance degradation of satellite communication system. The time diversity technique with appropriate time delay between successive transmissions has been found effective in mitigating the rain fade. However, time diversity analysis demands measured rain attenuation data, where the latter is unavailable at most of the places to be able to design future high frequency links. The time diversity gain prediction model has been found to be robust for time diversity improvement. Here, we propose a new model for the rain rate with and without the time delay considering the three variables of rain rate, time delay and frequency. The rain rate and time delay functions were first used to derive the constants by the regression from the rain rate and rain rate gain. The constant for the frequency function was then extracted from the cumulative distribution function of the attenuation predicted by the analytically obtained ITU-R and gain equations. The proposed model was validated using one-year rain rate and attenuation data measured at two different locations in Malaysia demonstrating a 7% prediction inaccuracy when compared to the existing models, therefore, it can be reliably used for future earth-tosatellite link designs by using measured rain rate at any higher frequencies.INDEX TERMS Rain rate, rain attenuation, time delay, time diversity technique.

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Section: A(x) = Kmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The observed rain rate at any percentage is computed using Rm to determine R m %p. Using the formula (17), get the average value of c.…”

Section: Modelling Of Time Diversity Gainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The values of a=0.65, b=0.035, and c = 0.30 were calculated using equations (15)(16)(17). The constant value is provided in equation ( 18) to derive the function m(T).…”

Section: Modelling Of Time Diversity Gainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Prediction of Time Diversity Gain for Earth-to-Satellite Microwave Link Design Based on Real Time Rain Intensity Measurement

et al. 2023

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“…The main rainfall attenuation is 28.24 dB without time delay, but after a delay of 10 minutes to 30 minutes, the maximum rainfall attenuation is 24.35 dB and the minimum rainfall attenuation is 6.68 dB. Figure 2 shows the time diversity method for Earth satellite path signals for rainfall events detected in Malaysia [19][20]…”

Section: Time Diversity Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Time Diversity Gain – Comparison Between ITU-R P.618-13 Using a Concept of Rain Rate with Delay and Synthetic Storm Technique

Alam

Hasan

Islam

et al. 2022

Int. J. Interact. Mob. Technol.

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Future satellite companies will use higher Ka and V bands. Rain fade is the most important issue in establishing reliable communication between Earth and satellites outside the 10 GHz band. The problem is exacerbated in the tropics by significant rainfall throughout the year. One way to deal with rainfall attenuation is to use a time-diversity strategy. Real-time rainfall attenuation data is needed to analyze time variability. However, data from higher frequency bands such as Ka and V bands cannot be used. As a result, the Synthetic Storm Technique (SST) was proposed to convert the measured real time rainfall data into rainfall attenuation data and predict the time diversity gain. The measured rainfall data was converted to rainfall attenuation data using the traditional SST method. Time diversity gains were predicted using Converted rainfall attenuation and the Matriciani model, and the measurements were significantly overestimated. A new concept of realtime rainfall with and without time delay is proposed and used to predict time diversity gain using ITU-R P. 618-13 and the measured rainfall distribution with delay. Therefore, the proposed method recommends using the measured long-term precipitation data to predict the gain from time diversity at the desired frequency.

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Time Diversity Analysis Based on Predicted Rain Attenuation at Ku, Ka and V-Bands using Synthetic Storm Technique

Hassan

Islam

Habaebi

et al. 2021

2021 8th International Conference on Computer and Communication Engineering (ICCCE)

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Time Diversity Gain Analysis for Earth to Satellite Link Based on Measured Rain Rate

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Prediction of Time Diversity Gain for Earth-to-Satellite Microwave Link Design Based on Real Time Rain Intensity Measurement

Prediction of Time Diversity Gain for Earth-to-Satellite Microwave Link Design Based on Real Time Rain Intensity Measurement

Prediction of Time Diversity Gain – Comparison Between ITU-R P.618-13 Using a Concept of Rain Rate with Delay and Synthetic Storm Technique

Time Diversity Analysis Based on Predicted Rain Attenuation at Ku, Ka and V-Bands using Synthetic Storm Technique

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