Time fluctuations of the phase modulation in a liquid crystal on silicon display: characterization and effects in diffractive optics

Moreno, Ignacio; Lizana, Ángel; Márquez, Andrés; Iemmi, Claudio; Fernández, Elena; Campos, Juan; Yzuel, María Josefa

doi:10.1364/oe.16.016711

Cited by 149 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…The combination of high quality imaging, low-excitation power, and low background makes the IMPACT based superpenetration optical microscope a promising tool for a broad range of biomedical applications. In particular, it paves the way for intravital functional and dynamic imaging at unprecedented depth beneficial for in vivo studies involving highly turbid samples including, but not limited to, neuroscience (33) and immunology (34,35).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superpenetration optical microscopy by iterative multiphoton adaptive compensation technique

Tang

Germain

Cui

2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

214

178

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Biological tissues are rarely transparent, presenting major challenges for deep tissue optical microscopy. The achievable imaging depth is fundamentally limited by wavefront distortions caused by aberration and random scattering. Here, we report an iterative wavefront compensation technique that takes advantage of the nonlinearity of multiphoton signals to determine and compensate for these distortions and to focus light inside deep tissues. Different from conventional adaptive optics methods, this technique can rapidly measure highly complicated wavefront distortions encountered in deep tissue imaging and provide compensations for not only aberration but random scattering. The technique is tested with a variety of highly heterogeneous biological samples including mouse brain tissue, skull, and lymph nodes. We show that high quality three-dimensional imaging can be realized at depths beyond the reach of conventional multiphoton microscopy and adaptive optics methods, albeit over restricted distances for a given correction. Moreover, the required laser excitation power can be greatly reduced in deep tissues, deviating from the power requirement of ballistic light excitation and thus significantly reducing photo damage to the biological tissue.immunology | neuron imaging | nonlinear imaging | lymphocyte imaging | nonlinear iterative feedback

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superpenetration optical microscopy by iterative multiphoton adaptive compensation technique

Tang

Germain

Cui

2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

214

178

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This reasoning is not restricted to PA-LCoS devices, but it can be applicable, in general, to electrooptic variable linear retarders, such as the novel device proposed by Ramirez et al 16 Different measurement methods have been proposed and demonstrated to characterize the phase-shift versus voltage in LCDs and LCoS devices. 12,17,18 Among these methods, the diffractive-based technique used by Lizana et al in Refs. 12 and 17 allow for instantaneous phase-shift values measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended linear polarimeter to measure retardance and flicker: application to liquid crystal on silicon devices in two working geometries

et al. 2014

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Abstract. We focus on the evaluation of the applicability of the classical and well-established linear polarimeter to the measurement of linear retardance in the presence of phase flicker. This analysis shows that there are large errors in the results provided by the linear polarimeter when measuring the linear retardance of a device. These errors depend on the specific retardance value under measurement. We show that there are some points where this limitation can be used to measure the fluctuation amplitude consistently. An elegant method is further proposed, enabling the measurement of the average retardance value, thus extending the applicability of the classical linear polarimeter. Experimental characterization results are provided for various electrical sequences addressed onto a parallel aligned liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) display. Good agreement is obtained with experiment, thus validating the linear polarimeter methodology proposed. Furthermore, results are provided for the LCoS in two reflection geometries, perpendicular incidence with and without nonpolarizing beam splitter, demonstrating robustness of the method. As a result, the evaluation of both phase modulation range and flicker magnitude for any electrical sequence addressed can be easily obtained, which is very important for optimal use of LCoS displays in applications.

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“…However, due to experimental imperfections of the optical elements in the set-up (see Fig. 3) with respect to the theoretical values (caused by non-zero retardance values of the beam-splitters [27], certain experimental offset for the waveplates orientation, time-fluctuations of the phase introduced by the LCOS display [28], etc. ), the above mentioned phase encoding procedure may lead to slightly modified results.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact LCOS–SLM Based Polarization Pattern Beam Generator

Zheng

Lizana

Peinado

et al. 2015

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Abstract-In this paper, a compact optical system for generating arbitrary spatial light polarization patterns is demonstrated. The system uses a single high-resolution liquid crystal (LC) on silicon (LCOS) spatial light modulator. A specialized optical mount is designed and fabricated using a 3D printer, in order to build a compact dual optical architecture, where two different phase patterns are encoded on two adjacent halves of the LCOS screen, with a polarization transformation in between. The final polarization state is controlled via two rotations of the Poincaré sphere. In addition, a relative phase term is added, which is calculated based on spherical trigonometry on the Poincaré sphere. Experimental results are presented that show the effectiveness of the system to produce polarization patterns.

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Time fluctuations of the phase modulation in a liquid crystal on silicon display: characterization and effects in diffractive optics

Cited by 149 publications

References 26 publications

Superpenetration optical microscopy by iterative multiphoton adaptive compensation technique

Superpenetration optical microscopy by iterative multiphoton adaptive compensation technique

Extended linear polarimeter to measure retardance and flicker: application to liquid crystal on silicon devices in two working geometries

Compact LCOS–SLM Based Polarization Pattern Beam Generator

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