“…Therefore, weak impact feature identification in rolling element bearings is significant to reduce downtime and safety hazards during the running period. Nowadays, a large number of modern approaches have been proposed, such as kurtograms [11,12], improved kurtograms and spectral kurtosis [13][14][15], cyclostationary analysis [16,17], empirical mode decomposition [18], synchronous averaging technology [19,20], sparse models [21,22], stochastic resonance [23], wavelet spectra [24], etc. When the impact characteristics of a signal are relatively weak or submerged in fault-independent interference components, they require further analysis [13].…”