Time lag analysis between vegetation and climate change in Inner Mongolia

Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of EVI and Its Response to Climatic Factors in Recent 16 years Based on Grey Relational Analysis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

“…In semi-arid areas, human management of ecological zones has become a major driving force of vegetation change [54]. Similar to many studies, this study find that the vegetation in some dusty land and desert steppe (such as SonidLeft Banner and Etuoke Banner) in IMAR remained a good growing trend from 2000 to 2015, and the implementation of ecological restoration measures (such as planting tree and grass, prohibiting grazing, preventing and governing the sand) played an important role in this process [10,11,59]. According to the IMAR Statistical Yearbook [60], from 2000 to 2002, the crop area affected by natural disasters in the IMAR reduced from 48,000 km 2 to 32,000 km 2 , the total number of grazing livestock decreased from 73.01 million to 63.27 million, the area of arable land reduced from 73,000 km 2 to 69,000 km 2 , the area of artificial afforestation increased from 5900 km 2 to 9100 km 2 , and the population decreased from 23.77 million to 22.79 million.…”

“…Long et al [10] The zoning of driving force in this paper shows that precipitation driving areas (21.8%) in IMAR were much larger than the air temperature driving areas (8%) and relative humidity driving areas (11.6%), which was basically consistent with the view of Mu et al [11]. Since this paper was based on the result of time lag analysis, the response of the forest ecological areas to precipitation and relative humidity was generally higher than that of air temperature in the spatial distribution of different zones, and the response of the steppe ecological areas to precipitation and air temperature was generally higher than that of relative humidity.…”

“…2018, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW 3 of 17 resource reserves, it is known as "Forests in the East, Mines in the West, Agriculture in the South and Animal Husbandry in the North" and it ranks first in terms of the steppe, forest, and per capita arable land in the country, also the largest prairie pastoral area in the country [10,35,36]. The average elevation of the study area is about 1000 m. The climate of IMAR belongs to the transitional zone of arid and semi-arid monsoon climates to humid and semi-humid climates.…”

“…The change of EVI plays an important role in indicating the changes of regional ecosystems and environment [7][8][9]. The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR) is located in the transitional zone from arid and semi-arid climates to humid and semi-humid monsoon climates of the southeast coast [10][11][12]. It is a water conservation area of Songhua River and functions as an important ecological barrier of northern China [11,12].…”

Cumulative Effects of Climatic Factors on Terrestrial Vegetation Growth

“…The strength of cumulative climate effects can be represented by accumulated climatic factors (Long et al, ; Zeng et al, ) and evidences of cumulative climate effects can be found in some previous studies. First, the accumulated temperature (ATEM) greatly affects vegetation growth, because ATEM conduces to the accomplishment of the plant life stage transitions, such as bud dormancy (Frenguelli et al, ), leaf onset (Piao et al, ), flowering (Utsunomiya, ), maturity, and yield (Macha et al, ), and it contributes to the distribution patterns, dynamics, and productivity of plant species (Sun & Yan, ; Wang et al, ; Wang et al, ).…”