Time-Lag Effect Between Sap Flow and Environmental Factors of Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr

Hong, Liu; Guo, Junhong; Liu, Zebin; Wang, Yanhui; Ma, Jinzhu; Wang, Xiao; Zhang, Ziyou

doi:10.3390/f10110971

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Shen et al [13] reported that the sap flow of the Populus gansuensis linearly increased with R s , and logarithmically increased with VPD and T. All these studies indicate that the response of transpiration to environmental variables is climateand ecosystem-specific and more research is required to better understand environmental control on transpiration. In addition, diurnal hysteresis between transpiration and environmental variables has been reported in different ecosystems [14][15][16][17]. Both transpiration and environmental variables exhibit diurnal changes, reaching peaks at different times and resulting in a hysteresis behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Control on Transpiration: A Case Study of a Desert Ecosystem in Northwest China

2020

Water

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Arid and semi-arid ecosystems represent a crucial but poorly understood component of the global water cycle. Taking a desert ecosystem as a case study, we measured sap flow in three dominant shrub species and concurrent environmental variables over two mean growing seasons. Commercially available gauges (Flow32 meters) based on the constant power stem heat balance (SHB) method were used. Stem-level sap flow rates were scaled up to stand level to estimate stand transpiration using the species-specific frequency distribution of stem diameter. We found that variations in stand transpiration were closely related to changes in solar radiation (Rs), air temperature (T), and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) at the hourly scale. Three factors together explained 84% and 77% variations in hourly stand transpiration in 2014 and 2015, respectively, with Rs being the primary driving force. We observed a threshold control of VPD (~2 kPa) on stand transpiration in two-year study periods, suggesting a strong stomatal regulation of transpiration under high evaporative demand conditions. Clockwise hysteresis loops between diurnal transpiration and T and VPD were observed and exhibited seasonal variations. Both the time lags and refill and release of stem water storage from nocturnal sap flow were possible causes for the hysteresis. These findings improve the understanding of environmental control on water flux of the arid and semi-arid ecosystems and have important implications for diurnal hydrology modelling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Control on Transpiration: A Case Study of a Desert Ecosystem in Northwest China

2020

Water

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“…This shows a close relationship between ET ref and T. Different from the ET ref and LAI, the influence of the soil water supply capacity on T is usually reflected in limitations to T due to water stress [24]. Studies in the semi-humid regions of Northwest China have shown that when RSWC is less than 0.38, coniferous forests will be under drought stress and the restriction of RSWC will result in losses in T of up to 11.6% [7,25]. Previous investigations also indicated that canopy T was affected by the coupling of leaves, atmosphere, and soil moisture; thus, ET ref , RSWC, and LAI should be included when investigating the T response mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Assessing the Impact of Soil Moisture on Canopy Transpiration Using a Modified Jarvis-Stewart Model

Guo

Liu

et al. 2021

Water

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In dryland regions, soil moisture is an important limiting factor for canopy transpiration (T). Thus, clarifying the impact of soil moisture on T is critical for comprehensive forest—water management and sustainable development. In this study, T, meteorological factors (reference evapotranspiration, ETref), soil moisture (relative soil water content, RSWC), and leaf area index (LAI) in a Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation of Liupan Mountains in the dryland region of Northwest China were simultaneously monitored during the growing seasons in 2017–2019. A modified Jarvis—Stewart model was established by introducing the impact of RSWC in different soil layers (0–20, 20–40, and 40–60 cm, respectively) to quantify the independent contribution of RSWC of different soil layers to T. Results showed that with rising ETref, T firstly increased and then decreased, and with rising RSWC and LAI, T firstly increased and then gradually stabilised, respectively. The modified Jarvis—Stewart model was able to give comparable estimates of T to those derived from sap flow measurements. The contribution of RSWC to T in different soil layers has obvious specificity, and the contribution rate of 20–40 cm (13.4%) and 0–20 cm soil layers (6.6%) where roots are mainly distributed is significantly higher than that of 40–60 cm soil layer (1.9%). As the soil moisture status changes from moist (RSWC0–60cm ≥ 0.4) to drought (RSWC0–60cm < 0.4), the role of the soil moisture in the 0–20 cm soil layer increased compared with other layers. The impacts of soil moisture that were coupled into the Jarvis—Stewart model can genuinely reflect the environmental influence and can be used to quantify the contributions of soil moisture to T. Thus, it has the potential to become a new tool to guide the protection and management of forest water resources.

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“…Plant transpiration is conducted via stomatal processes and the hysteresis between environmental factors and the SSF can be regarded as the adaptation of plants to environmental factors caused by water limitation (Matheny et al, 2014;Ma et al, 2017;Zha et al, 2017;Hong et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2019). Our results show that the daily cycle for PAR, Ta, and VPD (24 h) lags behind that for the SSF (Figure 6), which is in agreement with previous studies (Ma et al, 2017;Hong et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2019). Generally, the maximum PAR occurs at noon, while the maximum temperature and the maximum VPD usually appear in the afternoon.…”

Section: Influence Of Environmental Factors On the Stem Sap Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Stem Sap Flow and Water Sources for Tamarix ramosissima in an Artificial Shelterbelt With a Deep Groundwater Table in Northwest China

et al. 2022

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The shelterbelt forest between oases and the desert plays a vital role in preventing aeolian disasters and desertification in arid regions of northwest China. Tamarix ramosissima (T. ramosissima), a typical perennial and native xerophyte shrub in Northwest China, grows naturally and is widely used in building artificial shelterbelt forests. The balance between water consumption and the availability of water determines the survival and growth of T. ramosissima. How T. ramosissima copes with extremely low rainfall and a deep groundwater table remains unknown. To answer this, the transpiration and the water sources of T. ramosissima were investigated by the heat balance and oxygen isotopic analysis method, respectively. Our results show that the daily T. ramosissima stem sap flow (SSF) was positively correlated with air temperature (Ta), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and the vapor pressure deficit (VPD). We found no significant relationship between the daily SSF and soil moisture in shallow (0–40 cm) and middle (40–160 cm) soil layers. Oxygen isotope results showed that T. ramosissima mainly sources (>90%) water from deep soil moisture (160–400 cm) and groundwater (910 cm). Diurnally, T. ramosissima SSF showed a hysteresis response to variations in PAR, Ta, and VPD, which suggests that transpiration suffers increasingly from water stress with increasing PAR, Ta, and VPD. Our results indicate that PAR, Ta, and VPD are the dominant factors that control T. ramosissima SSF, not precipitation and shallow soil moisture. Deep soil water and groundwater are the primary sources for T. ramosissima in this extremely water-limited environment. These results provide information that is essential for proper water resource management during vegetation restoration and ecological reafforestation in water-limited regions.

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Time-Lag Effect Between Sap Flow and Environmental Factors of Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr

Cited by 18 publications

References 38 publications

Environmental Control on Transpiration: A Case Study of a Desert Ecosystem in Northwest China

Environmental Control on Transpiration: A Case Study of a Desert Ecosystem in Northwest China

Assessing the Impact of Soil Moisture on Canopy Transpiration Using a Modified Jarvis-Stewart Model

The Stem Sap Flow and Water Sources for Tamarix ramosissima in an Artificial Shelterbelt With a Deep Groundwater Table in Northwest China

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